{"id":27107,"date":"2024-09-20T19:47:11","date_gmt":"2024-09-20T17:47:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/?p=27107"},"modified":"2024-09-25T20:14:13","modified_gmt":"2024-09-25T18:14:13","slug":"evropsky-bateriovy-prumysl-se-potyka-s-globalni-nadbytecnou-kapacitou","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/evropsky-bateriovy-prumysl-se-potyka-s-globalni-nadbytecnou-kapacitou\/","title":{"rendered":"Evropsk\u00fd bateriov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl se pot\u00fdk\u00e1 s glob\u00e1ln\u00ed nadbyte\u010dnou kapacitou"},"content":{"rendered":"

V b\u0159eznu 2023 se \u010dasopis Transport & Environment (T&E) domn\u00edval, \u017ee dotace stanoven\u00e9 v americk\u00e9m z\u00e1kon\u011b o sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed inflace mohou odl\u00e1kat investice z v\u00edce ne\u017e dvou t\u0159etin evropsk\u00fdch projekt\u016f v\u00fdroby bateri\u00ed. Organizace odhadla, \u017ee je ohro\u017eena kapacita 1,2 TWh, bez n\u00ed\u017e by region jen t\u011b\u017eko zvl\u00e1dl r\u016fst prodeje elektromobil\u016f, ani\u017e by musel dov\u00e1\u017eet \u010dl\u00e1nky na pokryt\u00ed deficitu. O rok pozd\u011bji v\u0161ak automobilky na obou stran\u00e1ch Atlantiku sv\u00e9 ambice sni\u017euj\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zpr\u00e1va spole\u010dnosti fDi Intelligence ze z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2024 uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee v USA a Evrop\u011b bylo zru\u0161eno \u0161est projekt\u016f v\u00fdroby bateri\u00ed podporovan\u00fdch v\u00fdrobci OEM v hodnot\u011b 13 miliard USD. Nejnov\u011bji se v\u00fdrobce lithium-iontov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed Northvolt pot\u00fdk\u00e1 s finan\u010dn\u00edmi pot\u00ed\u017eemi, kter\u00e9 \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00fd st\u00e1t odm\u00edtl zm\u00edrnit. Tento start-up, kter\u00fd byl obecn\u011b pova\u017eov\u00e1n za nejlep\u0161\u00ed evropskou \u0161anci na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00edho pr\u016fmyslu bateri\u00ed pro elektromobily, kter\u00fd by mohl konkurovat \u010c\u00edn\u011b, nyn\u00ed ru\u0161\u00ed projekty gigafactory a pl\u00e1nuje propou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zam\u011bstnanc\u016f.<\/p>\n

Kv\u016fli poklesu prodej\u016f elektromobil\u016f v prvn\u00edm pololet\u00ed roku 2024 se evropsk\u00e9 automobilky soust\u0159ed\u00ed na svou kr\u00e1tkodobou ziskovost. V\u011bt\u0161ina z nich nyn\u00ed sni\u017euje sv\u00e9 prodejn\u00ed c\u00edle v oblasti elektromobil\u016f a slibuje, \u017ee bude \u201en\u00e1sledovat trh\u201c a zachov\u00e1 produkty se spalovac\u00edmi motory, dokud to bude mo\u017en\u00e9. A\u010dkoli n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed analytikov\u00e9 zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed na masov\u00fd trh by nakonec mohlo zvr\u00e1tit situaci ve prosp\u011bch elektromobil\u016f, dodavatelsk\u00fd \u0159et\u011bzec bateri\u00ed v region\u00e1ln\u00edm segmentu je v tomto obdob\u00ed nejistoty a v\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed ohro\u017een.<\/p>\n

Nadm\u011brn\u00e1 kapacita bateri\u00ed<\/h3>\n

Julia Poliscanova, vrchn\u00ed \u0159editelka pro vozidla a dodavatelsk\u00e9 \u0159et\u011bzce v oblasti elektromobility ve spole\u010dnosti T&E, pro \u010dasopis Automotive World uvedla, \u017ee zpomaluj\u00edc\u00ed se r\u016fst trhu s elektromobily v Evrop\u011b je sice pro odv\u011btv\u00ed bateri\u00ed jist\u011b \u0161kodliv\u00fd, ale glob\u00e1ln\u00ed nadbyte\u010dn\u00e1 kapacita je mnohem z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. \u201eJen v\u00fdrobn\u00ed kapacita \u010c\u00edny v roce 2023 ve v\u00fd\u0161i 2,2 TWh – 86 % celosv\u011btov\u00e9ho objemu – je v\u00edce ne\u017e trojn\u00e1sobkem dom\u00e1c\u00ed popt\u00e1vky a v\u00fdrazn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e sou\u010dasn\u00e1 celosv\u011btov\u00e1 popt\u00e1vka,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1. Podle Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed energetick\u00e9 agentury se jedn\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o 750 GWh.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledkem je \u201ehojn\u00e1 nab\u00eddka\u201c lithium-iontov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se z\u00e1padn\u00ed v\u00fdrobci bateri\u00ed sna\u017e\u00ed vyrovnat kvalitou nebo cenou. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f je pro v\u00fdrobce OEM, jako je Stellantis a Volkswagen, prioritou, nen\u00ed p\u0159ekvapiv\u00e9, \u017ee jejich odhodl\u00e1n\u00ed k dlouhodob\u00e9mu projektu budov\u00e1n\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00edch dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f sl\u00e1bne. A\u010dkoli se Poliscanova domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee r\u016fst evropsk\u00e9ho trhu s elektromobily se v roce 2025 obnov\u00ed – podle odhad\u016f spole\u010dnosti T&E tvo\u0159\u00ed 24 % trhu s nov\u00fdmi automobily, a to d\u00edky uv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed nov\u00fdch model\u016f na trh – probl\u00e9m bude pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b p\u0159etrv\u00e1vat.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\"Battery<\/p>\n

V\u00fdroba bateri\u00ed ve Volkswagenu – vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee v\u00fdrobci OEM zkoumaj\u00ed mo\u017enosti sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f, mohou b\u00fdt investice do giga tov\u00e1ren odsunuty na vedlej\u0161\u00ed kolej<\/em><\/p>\n

\u201eKrom\u011b st\u00e1tn\u00ed podpory v N\u011bmecku a Francii neexistuje na \u00farovni EU dostate\u010dn\u00e1 investi\u010dn\u00ed podpora pro komer\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdrobu bateriov\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f ve velk\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku, zat\u00edmco dovozn\u00ed clo na lithium-iontov\u00e9 baterie \u010din\u00ed pouh\u00fdch 1,3 %,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1. V\u00fdznam podpory elektrifikace na st\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00farovni se ned\u00e1vno projevil v Norsku, kter\u00e9 je na cest\u011b k tomu, aby do roku 2026 jezdilo na jeho silnic\u00edch v\u00edce bateriov\u00fdch elektromobil\u016f ne\u017e dieselov\u00fdch nebo benzinov\u00fdch. Kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v tomto \u00fasp\u011bchu hraj\u00ed dotace a da\u0148ov\u00e9 \u00falevy. Podobn\u00e1 filozofie se v\u0161ak neuplat\u0148uje v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b gigafactory a n\u00e1klady na tato za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed rychle p\u0159evy\u0161uj\u00ed jejich hodnotu. Je t\u0159eba poznamenat, \u017ee kapit\u00e1lov\u00e1 n\u00e1ro\u010dnost, kter\u00e1 p\u0159edstihla hodnotu produktu, byla d\u0159\u00edve smrtelnou ranou pro srovnateln\u00e9 podniky, jako je Britishvolt.<\/p>\n

\u010cas \u201erozhodnout nebo zlomit”<\/h3>\n

Nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, zda se v Evrop\u011b poda\u0159\u00ed zajistit v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed podporu v\u00fdroby bateri\u00ed pro elektromobily. \u0160\u00e9f spole\u010dnosti Renault Luca de Meo se vyj\u00e1d\u0159il, \u017ee sou\u010dasn\u00e9 c\u00edle v oblasti dekarbonizace jsou nerealistick\u00e9, a vyzval EU k \u201eflexibilit\u011b\u201c, aby se vyhnula potenci\u00e1ln\u00edm pokut\u00e1m ve v\u00fd\u0161i miliard eur. Takov\u00fd postup by v\u0161ak jen zv\u00fd\u0161il nejistotu ohledn\u011b hodnoty investic do gigafactory. V porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s c\u00edlev\u011bdom\u011bj\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstupem \u010c\u00edny hroz\u00ed, \u017ee se Evropa vzd\u00e1 vedouc\u00edho postaven\u00ed v oblasti technologi\u00ed pro elektromobily kv\u016fli pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00edm legislativn\u00edm kompromis\u016fm – co\u017e T&E kritizovala ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve v tomto roce.<\/p>\n

A\u010dkoli si Poliscanov\u00e1 nemysl\u00ed, \u017ee se Evropa tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 konkurenci pod\u0159izuje, \u010das na znovunabyt\u00ed dynamiky se rozhodn\u011b kr\u00e1t\u00ed. \u201eOdv\u011btv\u00ed bateri\u00ed se v cel\u00e9 EU nach\u00e1z\u00ed v bod\u011b ‘rozhoduj, nebo zlom’. Dom\u00e1c\u00edmu pr\u016fmyslu v Evrop\u011b nav\u00edc dominuj\u00ed za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed podniky, z nich\u017e mnoh\u00e9 se u\u010d\u00ed vyr\u00e1b\u011bt bateriov\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky v r\u00e1mci sv\u00e9ho rozsahu. Za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ono ‘v\u00fdrobn\u00ed peklo’, kter\u00fdm si d\u0159\u00edve pro\u0161ly n\u011bkter\u00e9 slavn\u00e9 za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed elektromobily.\u201c<\/p>\n

Sou\u010dasn\u011b se neda\u0159\u00ed ani projekt\u016fm, kter\u00e9 podporuj\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e9 automobilky. Automotive Cells Company, spole\u010dn\u00fd podnik spole\u010dnost\u00ed Stellantis a Mercedes-Benz, pl\u00e1noval v\u00fdstavbu dvou gigafactory, jedn\u00e9 v N\u011bmecku a druh\u00e9 v It\u00e1lii. P\u0159esto\u017ee na jejich v\u00fdstavbu vy\u010dlenili 2 miliardy eur (2,2 miliardy USD), partne\u0159i ob\u011b v \u010dervnu 2024 zru\u0161ili. Poliscanov\u00e1 se domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee bez rychlej\u0161\u00edho jedn\u00e1n\u00ed vl\u00e1d by mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch pl\u00e1n\u016f nemuselo spat\u0159it sv\u011btlo sv\u011bta.<\/p>\n

Zachov\u00e1n\u00ed nad\u011bje<\/h3>\n

Pokles nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt nezvratn\u00fd: \u201eEU m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1le rychle jednat, aby situaci zvr\u00e1tila. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm dlouhodob\u00e1 jistota na trhu s elektromobily je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00edho trhu s bateriemi, tak\u017ee pravidla pro emise CO2 z automobil\u016f na obdob\u00ed 2025-2035 mus\u00ed z\u016fstat beze zm\u011bny,\u201c uv\u00e1d\u00ed. D\u00e1le mus\u00ed EU vyvinout podobnou \u00farove\u0148 kontroly pro baterie vyroben\u00e9 v \u010c\u00edn\u011b, jakou ned\u00e1vno pou\u017eila pro dovozn\u00ed tarify pro elektromobily. M\u00edt p\u00e1ky na \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 vyman\u011bn\u00ed se z \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 orbity bude vy\u017eadovat rychl\u00e9, ale uv\u00e1\u017eliv\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed fondu pro baterie ve v\u00fd\u0161i 3 miliard eur, kter\u00fd byl ozn\u00e1men v prosinci 2023, k rozvoji hodnotov\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce. V neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b se Poliscanov\u00e1 zasazuje o to, aby byly urychlen\u011b uzav\u0159eny dohody o ustanoven\u00edch \u201eMade in EU\u201c, kter\u00e9 by odm\u011bnily m\u00edstn\u00ed v\u00fdrobu.<\/p>\n

Legislativn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed na ochranu dom\u00e1c\u00edch v\u00fdrobc\u016f ji\u017e p\u0159inesla n\u011bkter\u00e1 v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed. Dovozn\u00ed cla na elektromobily sta\u010dila k tomu, aby evropsk\u00e9 zna\u010dky vlastn\u011bn\u00e9 \u010c\u00ednou i \u010c\u00ednou zv\u00e1\u017eily lok\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00ed strategie ve snaze je obej\u00edt. V \u010dervenci 2024 ozn\u00e1mila spole\u010dnost Volvo Cars vlastn\u011bn\u00e1 spole\u010dnost\u00ed Geely, \u017ee p\u0159esune v\u00fdrobu sv\u00e9ho modelu EX30 z m\u011bsta Zhangjiakou do Bruselu, aby zm\u00edrnila nejistotu, kter\u00e1 by mohla m\u00edt dopad na prodej tohoto popul\u00e1rn\u00edho elektrick\u00e9ho modelu. Podobn\u011b tvrd\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se bateri\u00ed by nakonec mohla udr\u017eet nad\u011bji na dom\u00e1c\u00ed dodavatelsk\u00fd \u0159et\u011bzec p\u0159i \u017eivot\u011b.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroj: automotiveworld.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V b\u0159eznu 2023 se \u010dasopis Transport & Environment (T&E) domn\u00edval, \u017ee dotace stanoven\u00e9 v americk\u00e9m z\u00e1kon\u011b o sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed inflace mohou odl\u00e1kat investice z v\u00edce ne\u017e dvou t\u0159etin evropsk\u00fdch projekt\u016f v\u00fdroby bateri\u00ed. Organizace odhadla, \u017ee je ohro\u017eena kapacita 1,2 TWh, bez n\u00ed\u017e by region jen t\u011b\u017eko zvl\u00e1dl r\u016fst prodeje elektromobil\u016f, ani\u017e by musel dov\u00e1\u017eet \u010dl\u00e1nky na […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":81,"featured_media":27108,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"kategorie_prispevku":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEvropsk\u00fd bateriov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl se pot\u00fdk\u00e1 s glob\u00e1ln\u00ed nadbyte\u010dnou kapacitou | Autoklastr<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/evropsky-bateriovy-prumysl-se-potyka-s-globalni-nadbytecnou-kapacitou\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale:alternate\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Evropsk\u00fd bateriov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl se pot\u00fdk\u00e1 s glob\u00e1ln\u00ed nadbyte\u010dnou kapacitou\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"V b\u0159eznu 2023 se \u010dasopis Transport & Environment (T&E) domn\u00edval, \u017ee dotace stanoven\u00e9 v americk\u00e9m z\u00e1kon\u011b o sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed inflace mohou odl\u00e1kat investice z v\u00edce ne\u017e dvou t\u0159etin evropsk\u00fdch projekt\u016f v\u00fdroby bateri\u00ed. Organizace odhadla, \u017ee je ohro\u017eena kapacita 1,2 TWh, bez n\u00ed\u017e by region jen t\u011b\u017eko zvl\u00e1dl r\u016fst prodeje elektromobil\u016f, ani\u017e by musel dov\u00e1\u017eet \u010dl\u00e1nky na […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/evropsky-bateriovy-prumysl-se-potyka-s-globalni-nadbytecnou-kapacitou\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Autoklastr\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-09-20T17:47:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-09-25T18:14:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Northvolt-cells-\u2013-cylindrical-2170-scaled-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Karel B\u0159emek\" \/>\n<meta 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