{"id":24396,"date":"2024-03-02T20:57:03","date_gmt":"2024-03-02T19:57:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/?p=24396"},"modified":"2024-03-06T21:02:50","modified_gmt":"2024-03-06T20:02:50","slug":"necekany-uspech-baterie-ktera-by-mohla-byt-stejne-dobra-jako-benzin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/necekany-uspech-baterie-ktera-by-mohla-byt-stejne-dobra-jako-benzin\/","title":{"rendered":"Ne\u010dekan\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch baterie, kter\u00e1 by mohla b\u00fdt stejn\u011b dobr\u00e1 jako benzin"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Baterie st\u00e1le nejsou tak dobr\u00e9 \u201ebalen\u00ed\u201c pro energii jako fosiln\u00ed paliva. Ov\u0161em ne\u010dekan\u00fd posun v\u00a0t\u00e9to oblasti nazna\u010duje, \u017ee by to \u010dasem mohlo p\u0159estat platit. By\u0165 z\u0159ejm\u011b takov\u00e1 baterie by nebyla pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho.<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">Skupina americk\u00fdch v\u011bdc\u016f v\u00a0lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce p\u0159ekvapila sv\u00e9 kolegy ne\u010dekan\u011b poda\u0159en\u00fdm pokusem o\u00a0vytvo\u0159en\u00ed \u201esvat\u00e9ho gr\u00e1lu\u201c mezi lithiov\u00fdmi bateriemi. V\u00a0pr\u00e1ci vydan\u00e9 \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdm \u010dasopisem Science auto\u0159i uk\u00e1zali rekordn\u011b stabiln\u00ed baterii, kter\u00e1 v\u00a0sob\u011b m\u00e1 jen jednu elektrodu.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">V\u011bdci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee jimi pou\u017eit\u00e9 principy by mohly poslou\u017eit p\u0159i stavb\u011b bateri\u00ed pro n\u00e1kladn\u00ed vozy (kter\u00e9 se jinak t\u011b\u017eko elektrifikuj\u00ed) nebo r\u016fzn\u00e9 l\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00ed stroje. V\u00a0principu jde z\u00e1rove\u0148 o\u00a0typ, kter\u00fd kone\u010dn\u011b mohl umo\u017enit osobn\u00edm aut\u016fm s\u00a0bateri\u00ed, aby m\u011bla skute\u010dn\u011b re\u00e1ln\u00fd maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed dojezd podobn\u00fd dne\u0161n\u00edm b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm voz\u016fm se spalovac\u00edmi motory. Z\u00a0\u010desk\u00e9ho hlediska bychom si to mohli p\u0159edstavit jako mo\u017enost pohodln\u00e9ho dojezdu od n\u00e1s k\u00a0nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edmu mo\u0159i.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"e_h e_q g_h speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kolik k\u00a0tomu chyb\u00ed<\/h3>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">Za\u010dneme od jednoduch\u00e9ho z\u00e1kladu. V litru dne\u0161n\u00edho automobilov\u00e9ho benzinu \u010di nafty je o n\u011bco m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 10 kilowatthodin (kWh) energie. Tohle \u010d\u00edslo je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u00e9, pro hrubou p\u0159edstavu. V n\u00e1dr\u017ei modern\u00edho vozu tak m\u016f\u017eete najednou v\u00e9zt zhruba 500 kWh, abychom se dr\u017eeli \u0159\u00e1dov\u011b spr\u00e1vn\u00fdch, a p\u0159itom jednoduch\u00fdch \u010d\u00edsel.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">Spalovac\u00ed motor, p\u0159evody a\u00a0v\u016fbec hnac\u00ed \u00fastroj\u00ed nov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch voz\u016f vyu\u017eije z\u00a0t\u00e9to energie zhruba t\u0159etinu na to, aby hmotu vozu rozh\u00fdbalo, jak pos\u00e1dka pot\u0159ebuje. \u0158ekn\u011bme, \u017ee to je 160\u00a0kWh.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 auto\u00a0\u2013 spalovac\u00ed i\u00a0elektrick\u00e9\u00a0\u2013 pot\u0159ebuje na ujet\u00ed 100\u00a0kilometr\u016f 20\u00a0kWh. Znovu jde o\u00a0\u00fadaj p\u0159ibli\u017en\u00fd: mal\u00fdm \u010di velmi aerodynamick\u00fdm voz\u016fm m\u016f\u017ee sta\u010dit pom\u011brn\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b, velk\u00e9 SUV\u00a0\u2013 \u201em\u011bstsk\u00e9 traktory\u201c\u00a0\u2013 pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed v\u00edce.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">Nejprod\u00e1van\u011bj\u0161\u00edm evropsk\u00fdm elektromobilem roku 2023\u00a0byla Tesla Model Y, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 baterii s\u00a0kapacitou bu\u010f 60,\u00a0\u010di 80\u00a0kWh. Spot\u0159eba Tesly je ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch 20\u00a0kWh, ale dojezd se stejn\u011b pohybuje kolem 400\u00a0kilometr\u016f, tak\u017ee nad t\u00edm zamhu\u0159me oko. Spot\u0159eba ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed, ale v\u016fz m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 n\u011bjak\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty p\u0159i p\u0159evodu elekt\u0159iny na pohyb, tak\u017ee v\u00fdsledek se od na\u0161eho jednoduch\u00e9ho hypotetick\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edkladu p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 neli\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">Jak vypad\u00e1 srovn\u00e1n\u00ed? B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 auto na fosiln\u00ed palivo tedy veze na palub\u011b dvakr\u00e1t v\u00edce skute\u010dn\u011b vyu\u017eiteln\u00e9 energie ne\u017e generace dne\u0161n\u00edch elektromobil\u016f. A\u00a0tak m\u00e1 zhruba dvojn\u00e1sobn\u00fd dojezd. Baterie tedy v\u00a0tomto ohledu maj\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b co doh\u00e1n\u011bt\u00a0\u2013 a\u00a0nebylo jasn\u00e9, jestli se jim praxi v\u00a0dohledn\u00e9 dob\u011b v\u016fbec poda\u0159\u00ed dohnat.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"e_h e_q g_h speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Podejte mi kysl\u00edk<\/h3>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">Z dobr\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f se v\u017edy po\u010d\u00edtalo s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee ty nejlep\u0161\u00ed baterie budou obsahovat i\u00a0v budoucnosti velmi lehk\u00e9 a\u00a0dob\u0159e vodiv\u00e9 lithium. Lithiov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed je cel\u00e1 \u0159ada typ\u016f s\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdmi v\u00fdkony. Ale \u201ezlat\u00fdm h\u0159ebem\u201c na konci v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 \u0159ady lithiov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed by mohla b\u00fdt lithium-vzduchov\u00e1 baterie. Ta by teoreticky mohla umo\u017enit elektromobil\u016fm \u201edohonit\u201c vozy se spalovac\u00ed motorem v\u00a0mno\u017estv\u00ed energie na palub\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">Tento druh baterie m\u00e1 vlastn\u011b jen jednu fyzickou elektrodu: kovovou lithiovou anodu. Druh\u00e1 elektroda, katoda, je na\u0161e atmosf\u00e9ra. Kdy\u017e se baterie vyb\u00edj\u00ed, na anod\u011b doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0oxidaci lithia. P\u0159i tom se uvol\u0148uj\u00ed elektrony a\u00a0lithium se rozpou\u0161t\u00ed v\u00a0elektrolytu baterie. Elektrony ud\u011blaj\u00ed svou pr\u00e1ci, obvodem se vrac\u00ed na katodu, kde reaguj\u00ed s\u00a0kysl\u00edkem ze vzduchu. P\u0159i nab\u00edjen\u00ed baterie prob\u00edh\u00e1 tento proces opa\u010dn\u011b: Lithium se \u201eregeneruje\u201c z\u00a0elektrolytu a\u00a0na katod\u011b se uvol\u0148uje kysl\u00edk.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">Na pap\u00ed\u0159e je to \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e1 chemick\u00e1 baterie. Tato a\u00a0dal\u0161\u00ed podobn\u00e9 tzv. kovovzdu\u0161n\u00e9 baterie by mohly pojmout n\u011bkolikan\u00e1sobn\u011b v\u00edce energie na kilogram ne\u017e \u201elionky\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">Z praktick\u00e9ho hlediska to tak slavn\u00e9 nen\u00ed a\u00a0n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed odborn\u00edci ji ozna\u010dovali neve\u0159ejn\u011b i\u00a0ve\u0159ejn\u011b za \u201echemickou poh\u00e1dku\u201c. Snahy o\u00a0pr\u016flom se toti\u017e neda\u0159ily a\u00a0baterie tohoto typu byly v\u017edy jen mal\u00e1 experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed prakticky rozpadala pod rukama.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">Ov\u0161em Larry Curtiss z\u00a0Argonne National Laboratory v\u00a0Lemontu ve st\u00e1t\u011b Illinois a\u00a0jeho kolegov\u00e9 se v\u00a0roce 2023\u00a0p\u0159ekvapili. P\u0159edstavili experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed lithium-vzduchovou baterii v\u00a0pevn\u00e9m stavu testovanou v\u00a0laborato\u0159i na v\u00edce ne\u017e 1000\u00a0cykl\u016f\u00a0\u2013 co\u017e je obvykle uv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e1 (minim\u00e1ln\u00ed) hodnota pro praktickou autobaterii.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">T\u00fdm uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee jeho testovac\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek o\u00a0velikosti mince dosahuje kapacity p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 685\u00a0Wh na kilogram (Whkg-1) a\u00a0je re\u00e1ln\u00e9 dos\u00e1hnout s\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edmi \u00fapravami i\u00a0kapacity zhruba dvojn\u00e1sobn\u00e9, tedy kolem 1200\u00a0Whkg-1.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">Baterie v\u00a0elektromobilech (ne samotn\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky, ale cel\u00e9 \u201ezabalen\u00e9\u201c baterie) maj\u00ed kapacitu kolem 300\u00a0Wh na kilogram. Jinak \u0159e\u010deno, s\u00a0lithium-vzdu\u0161nou bateri\u00ed by elektromobil mohl m\u00edt p\u0159i stejn\u00e9 velikosti bateri\u00ed zhruba podobn\u00fd dojezd, jak\u00fd dnes nab\u00edz\u00ed vozy se spalovac\u00edm motorem. A\u00a0elektrick\u00e1 letadla by kone\u010dn\u011b mohla za\u010d\u00edt l\u00e9tat ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch\u00a0po\u010dtech.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"e_h e_q g_h speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ne\u010dekan\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch<\/h3>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">Specialist\u00e9 na baterie st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, \u017ee jejich obor je tak trochu \u201ealchymie\u201c: Dne\u0161n\u00ed chemie nedok\u00e1\u017ee p\u0159esn\u011b popsat a\u00a0p\u0159edpov\u00eddat, co se v\u00a0\u010dl\u00e1nc\u00edch d\u011bje, a\u00a0tak jde o\u00a0obor pln\u00fd ne\u00fasp\u011bch\u016f, slep\u00fdch uli\u010dek, ve kter\u00e9m se mus\u00ed zku\u0161enosti sb\u00edrat roky.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ov\u0161em autor\u016fm n\u00e1hoda p\u0159\u00e1la. Experiment\u00e1ln\u00ed syst\u00e9m funguje na z\u00e1klad\u011b nov\u00e9 chemie, kter\u00e1 p\u0159ekvapila i\u00a0jeho objevitele.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">P\u0159edchoz\u00ed pokusy o\u00a0vytvo\u0159en\u00ed lithium-vzduchov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed obvykle vytv\u00e1\u0159ely na katod\u011b superoxid lithn\u00fd (LiO<span class=\"e_W\">2<\/span>) nebo peroxid lithn\u00fd (Li<span class=\"e_W\">2<\/span>O<span class=\"e_W\">2<\/span>), kter\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed jeden nebo dva elektrony na molekulu kysl\u00edku.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">Nov\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek nam\u00edsto toho vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed oxid lithn\u00fd (Li<span class=\"e_W\">2<\/span>O), kter\u00fd dok\u00e1\u017ee udr\u017eet \u010dty\u0159i elektrony. V\u00a0jedin\u00e9m kroku tak dojde k\u00a0p\u0159enosu \u010dty\u0159 elektron\u016f, co\u017e by m\u011blo zv\u00fd\u0161it maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed kapacitu baterie. Toto chemick\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed se tak zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt mnohem stabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e p\u0159edchoz\u00ed, co\u017e by se m\u011blo odrazit v\u00a0\u017eivotnosti \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f. Autorsk\u00fd t\u00fdm ne\u010dekan\u011b dos\u00e1hl c\u00edle, ke kter\u00e9mu odborn\u00edci ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b m\u00ed\u0159ili del\u0161\u00ed dobu.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">\u201eJe neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9, co dok\u00e1zali,\u201c okomentoval objev pro \u010dasopis Nature Winfried Wilcke (dnes na odpo\u010dinku, v\u00a0letech 2009-2015\u00a0vedl bateriov\u00fd v\u00fdzkum v\u00a0IBM) a\u00a0pokra\u010duje: \u201eMohou pou\u017e\u00edvat oby\u010dejn\u00fd \u0161pinav\u00fd vzduch s\u00a0vlhkost\u00ed a\u00a0oxidem uhli\u010dit\u00fdm a\u00a0v\u0161\u00edm ostatn\u00edm, co najdete v\u00a0nefiltrovan\u00e9m vzduchu. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd probl\u00e9m.\u201c<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">Slabinou pr\u00e1ce je, \u017ee ji zat\u00edm nikdo nezopakoval\u00a0\u2013 je tedy st\u00e1le mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee nad\u011bje jsou p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9. A\u00a0p\u0159esto\u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0skv\u011bl\u00fd syst\u00e9m pro ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed energie, nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, jak by fungoval v\u00a0praxi\u00a0\u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad jak by se dal vzduch p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u011bt a\u00a0odv\u00e1d\u011bt, zda by se dal postavit v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a\u00a0mohl by fungovat p\u0159i vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch proudech. Nejde tedy rozhodn\u011b o\u00a0baterii, kter\u00e1 by mohla b\u00fdt dostupn\u00e1 b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika dal\u0161\u00edch let.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">V\u00fdsledek v\u00a0laborato\u0159i se automaticky nemus\u00ed p\u0159en\u00e9st do praxe. Zat\u00edm je k\u00a0dispozici jen malink\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek, kter\u00fd sice funguje pom\u011brn\u011b dob\u0159e, ale nikdo nezaru\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee p\u016fjde jednodu\u0161e zv\u011bt\u0161it, \u010di \u017ee p\u016fjde vyr\u00e1b\u011bt za p\u0159ijateln\u00fdch n\u00e1klad\u016f. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">To je ot\u00e1zka dal\u0161\u00edho a\u00a0velmi specializovan\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje a\u00a0v\u00fdzkumu, kter\u00fd auto\u0159i \u010dl\u00e1nku ze Science v\u016fbec je\u0161t\u011b neza\u010dali (a nejsp\u00ed\u0161 na n\u011bj asi nejsou ani ti prav\u00ed, proto\u017ee to je pr\u00e1ce pro v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e se znalost\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00edch praktik). Ale v\u00fdsledky jsou ur\u010dit\u011b v\u00a0mnoha ohledech i\u00a0tak zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 a\u00a0slibn\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"e_h e_q g_h speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ka\u017ed\u00fd s\u00a0jinou bateri\u00ed<\/h3>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">T\u00fdm vzhledem k\u00a0vysok\u00e9 energetick\u00e9 hustot\u011b uva\u017euje o\u00a0vyu\u017eit\u00ed t\u00e9to technologie nejl\u00e9pe v\u00a0letectv\u00ed. Energetick\u00e1 hustota energie je v\u00a0tomto oboru z\u00e1sadn\u00edm faktorem. Vhodn\u00e1 baterie by ale mohla otev\u0159\u00edt nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti: t\u0159eba konstrukce l\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00edch stroj\u016f s\u00a0vertik\u00e1ln\u00edm vzletem a\u00a0p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00edm, kter\u00e9 by mohly slou\u017eit jako \u201el\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00ed tax\u00edky\u201c. Co\u017e je slu\u017eba, kterou mohou dnes nab\u00eddnout vrtuln\u00edky, ov\u0161em za cenu, kter\u00e1 nedovol\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rozvoj.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">Neznamen\u00e1 to nutn\u011b, \u017ee baterie by tuto slu\u017ebu demokratizovaly \u00fapln\u011b. Je celkem pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee kv\u016fli technick\u00e9 n\u00e1ro\u010dnosti (t\u0159eba probl\u00e9mu s\u00a0regulac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu atmosf\u00e9ry k\u00a0lithiov\u00e9 elektrod\u011b) budou tyto baterie v\u00fdrazn\u011b dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e jin\u00e9 typy.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">Dosavadn\u00ed trendy nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee se pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b do\u010dk\u00e1me v\u00a0budouc\u00edch dopravn\u00edch prost\u0159edc\u00edch \u0159ady r\u016fzn\u00fdch bateri\u00ed. Mohli bychom se do\u010dkat nap\u0159\u00edklad sod\u00edkov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed nebo LFP pro automobily ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy, vysokozdvi\u017en\u00e9 voz\u00edky nebo specializovan\u00e1 vozidla.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\">Pro vozidla st\u0159edn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy by pak mohly b\u00fdt k\u00a0dispozici vylep\u0161en\u00e9 lithium-iontov\u00e9 baterie, mo\u017en\u00e1 s\u00a0k\u0159em\u00edkovou anodou, nebo katodou z\u00a0kamenn\u00e9 soli, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b by tuto t\u0159\u00eddu mohly p\u0159evz\u00edt polovodi\u010dov\u00e9 lithiov\u00e9 baterie. Pro elektromobily vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy\u00a0\u2013 nebo pro \u201evzdu\u0161n\u00e9 tax\u00edky\u201c by se pak mohly pou\u017e\u00edvat \u010dl\u00e1nky na principu lithium-s\u00edra nebo dokonce lithium-vzduch. Pokud n\u00e1s budoucnost n\u011b\u010d\u00edm nep\u0159ekvap\u00ed a\u00a0nebude v\u0161e jinak, pochopiteln\u011b\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"g_bf speakable\" data-dot=\"mol-paragraph\">\n<p class=\"e_bf\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"atm-text-decorator\"><span class=\"e_V\">Oprava: V\u00a0\u010dl\u00e1nku do\u0161lo v\u00a0jednom p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b z\u00e1m\u011bn\u011b jednotek (kWh za Wh) a\u00a0tedy i\u00a0chyb\u011b v\u00a0jednom \u00fadaji o\u00a0t\u0159i \u0159\u00e1dy. Za chybu se \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016fm omlouv\u00e1me.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: seznamzpravy.cz<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Baterie st\u00e1le nejsou tak dobr\u00e9 \u201ebalen\u00ed\u201c pro energii jako fosiln\u00ed paliva. Ov\u0161em ne\u010dekan\u00fd posun v\u00a0t\u00e9to oblasti nazna\u010duje, \u017ee by to \u010dasem mohlo p\u0159estat platit. By\u0165 z\u0159ejm\u011b takov\u00e1 baterie by nebyla pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho. Skupina americk\u00fdch v\u011bdc\u016f v\u00a0lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce p\u0159ekvapila sv\u00e9 kolegy ne\u010dekan\u011b poda\u0159en\u00fdm pokusem o\u00a0vytvo\u0159en\u00ed \u201esvat\u00e9ho gr\u00e1lu\u201c mezi lithiov\u00fdmi bateriemi. V\u00a0pr\u00e1ci vydan\u00e9 \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdm \u010dasopisem Science auto\u0159i [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":81,"featured_media":24397,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"kategorie_prispevku":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Ne\u010dekan\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch baterie, kter\u00e1 by mohla b\u00fdt stejn\u011b dobr\u00e1 jako benzin | Autoklastr<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/necekany-uspech-baterie-ktera-by-mohla-byt-stejne-dobra-jako-benzin\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale:alternate\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ne\u010dekan\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch baterie, kter\u00e1 by mohla b\u00fdt stejn\u011b dobr\u00e1 jako benzin\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Baterie st\u00e1le nejsou tak dobr\u00e9 \u201ebalen\u00ed\u201c pro energii jako fosiln\u00ed paliva. 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