{"id":19693,"date":"2021-12-30T10:30:22","date_gmt":"2021-12-30T09:30:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/?p=19693"},"modified":"2022-01-05T11:03:02","modified_gmt":"2022-01-05T10:03:02","slug":"jistoty-ekonomiky-dostaly-velky-zasah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/jistoty-ekonomiky-dostaly-velky-zasah\/","title":{"rendered":"Jistoty ekonomiky dostaly velk\u00fd z\u00e1sah"},"content":{"rendered":"

Rok 2021 m\u011bl b\u00fdt pro \u010deskou i glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomiku \u010dasem o\u017eiven\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edchod vakc\u00edny proti covidu a zotaven\u00ed pr\u016fmyslu d\u00e1valy nad\u011bji, \u017ee se hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed zvl\u00e1dne z koronavirov\u00e9 krize rychle ot\u0159epat. K tomu ale do\u0161lo pouze \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b. Pro \u010ceskou republiku byl uplynul\u00fd rok p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ve znamen\u00ed prudk\u00e9ho zadlu\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159inesl ale tak\u00e9 reflexi, jak\u00fdm sm\u011brem by se m\u011blo hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed ub\u00edrat. Lekci si z leto\u0161ka m\u016f\u017ee odn\u00e9st p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pr\u016fmysl.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zat\u00edmco vloni\u00a0automobilov\u00fd<\/span>\u00a0pr\u016fmysl<\/span>\u00a0zastavily lockdowny a obavy z \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed koronaviru na pracovi\u0161t\u00edch, letos byla situace ovlivn\u011bn\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00edm dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f. Pr\u016fmysl byl nejv\u00edce zasa\u017een nedostatkem \u010dip\u016f, kter\u00fd se nejsiln\u011bji projevil ve\u00a0v\u00fdrob\u011b<\/span>\u00a0automobil\u016f<\/span>. V t\u00e9 ale chyb\u011bly nap\u0159\u00edklad tak\u00e9 olejov\u00e9 filtry nebo \u010daloun\u011bn\u00e9 d\u00edly.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdroba mikro\u010dip\u016f se st\u00e1le nedostala do norm\u00e1lu, zv\u00fd\u0161enou popt\u00e1vku toti\u017e nest\u00edhaj\u00ed uspokojovat sv\u011btov\u00e9\u00a0v\u00fdrobn\u00ed<\/span>\u00a0kapacity<\/span>, reakce nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt okam\u017eit\u00e1. \u201eDoch\u00e1z\u00ed k prodlou\u017een\u00ed dodac\u00edch dob u stroj\u016f a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (ur\u010den\u00fdch na v\u00fdrobu mikro\u010dip\u016f, pozn. red.), o kter\u00e9 je velk\u00fd z\u00e1jem. Nyn\u00ed tedy hovo\u0159\u00edme minim\u00e1ln\u011b o jednom a p\u016fl roce,\u201c \u0159ekl Den\u00edku N viceprezident ro\u017enovsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1vodu na mikro\u010dipy On Semiconductor Ale\u0161 C\u00e1b, jeho\u017e podnik investuje do\u00a0roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed<\/span>\u00a0sv\u00fdch\u00a0v\u00fdrobn\u00edch<\/span>\u00a0kapacit<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Nez\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed p\u0159itom jenom na objemu\u00a0v\u00fdroby<\/span>, jednotliv\u00e9 \u010dipy toti\u017e nejsou zam\u011bniteln\u00e9. V autech je jich nav\u00edc pot\u0159eba st\u00e1le v\u00edce. Nejen v \u0159\u00edd\u00edc\u00edch jednotk\u00e1ch a palubn\u00edch po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u00edch, ale tak\u00e9 nap\u0159\u00edklad v klimatizaci, elektrick\u00e9m ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed oken nebo zp\u011btn\u00fdch zrc\u00e1tk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

P\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed\u00a0v\u00fdrobn\u00edch<\/span>\u00a0kapacit<\/span>\u00a0automobilov\u00fd<\/span>\u00a0pr\u016fmysl<\/span>\u00a0zas\u00e1hlo v\u00fdznamn\u011b. Za prvn\u00edch jeden\u00e1ct m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f leto\u0161n\u00edho roku se v \u010cesku vyrobilo 1,024 milionu aut. To je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 o t\u0159i procenta m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e za stejn\u00e9 obdob\u00ed v lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce, kter\u00fd byl ov\u0161em tak\u00e9 ovlivn\u011bn\u00fd covidem. Letos se\u00a0v\u00fdroba<\/span>\u00a0aut<\/span> dostala na \u00farove\u0148 roku 2014.<\/p>\n

\u010cesko p\u0159itom pat\u0159\u00ed v r\u00e1mci Evropy mezi zem\u011b, kter\u00e9 jsou na tomto odv\u011btv\u00ed nejz\u00e1vislej\u0161\u00ed. Zat\u00edmco na celounijn\u00edm hrub\u00e9m dom\u00e1c\u00edm produktu se\u00a0automobilov\u00fd<\/span>\u00a0pr\u016fmysl<\/span>\u00a0pod\u00edl\u00ed necel\u00fdmi sedmi procenty, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky je to p\u0159es dev\u011bt procent. \u0160patn\u00e1 situace tak sr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed i celkov\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky \u010desk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu. S pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm koronavirov\u00e9 krize a v\u00fdpadk\u016f v\u00fdrobn\u00edch \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f p\u0159itom bude evropsk\u00fd\u00a0automobilov\u00fd<\/span>\u00a0pr\u016fmysl<\/span> v probl\u00e9mech nejsp\u00ed\u0161e i v roce 2022. Podle vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed koncernu Volkswagen by mohl b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed rok je\u0161t\u011b hor\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ten leto\u0161n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ke konci roku se v mladoboleslavsk\u00e9\u00a0\u0160kod\u011b<\/span>\u00a0Auto<\/span>\u00a0za\u010dalo mluvit o mo\u017en\u00e9m propou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a\u017e deseti tis\u00edc zam\u011bstnanc\u016f. Zva\u017euje se tak\u00e9 p\u0159esun\u00a0v\u00fdroby<\/span>\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch\u00a0aut<\/span>\u00a0mimo \u010cesko. \u201eDle Pl\u00e1novac\u00edho kola \u010d\u00edslo 70 ztr\u00e1c\u00ed\u00a0\u0160koda<\/span> v\u00fdrobu n\u011bkter\u00fdch BEV model\u016f (z anglick\u00e9ho Battery Electric Vehicles, \u010dist\u011b elektrick\u00e1 vozidla, pozn. red.), p\u0159esto\u017ee st\u00e1le velice tvrd\u011b pracuje na sv\u00fdch \u00fakolech, na konkurenceschopnosti ve prosp\u011bch cel\u00e9ho koncernu Volkswagen a jednotliv\u00fdch zna\u010dek,\u201c napsali \u0161kodov\u00e1\u010dt\u00ed odbor\u00e1\u0159i ve sv\u00e9m \u010dasopise v prosinci.<\/p>\n

Odch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed vl\u00e1da Andreje Babi\u0161e p\u0159itom za\u010dala bojovat o v\u00fdstavbu tov\u00e1rny na baterie pro\u00a0elektromobily<\/span>\u00a0(takzvan\u00e9 gigafactory) na \u010desk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed, tuto investici v regionu pl\u00e1nuje pr\u00e1v\u011b koncern Volskwagen. O konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b pro nov\u00fd z\u00e1vod se teprve rozhodne. O tov\u00e1rnu s vysokou p\u0159idanou hodnotou bojuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 Pol\u00e1ci nebo Ma\u010fa\u0159i; ob\u011b zem\u011b maj\u00ed s v\u00fdrobou bateri\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zku\u0161enosti. \u010cesk\u00e1 ekonomika z\u00a0automobilov\u00e9ho<\/span>\u00a0pr\u016fmyslu<\/span>\u00a0v uplynul\u00fdch letech p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm t\u011b\u017eila, \u0159ekl Den\u00edku N ekonom \u010cesk\u00e9 bankovn\u00ed asociace Jakub Seidler. \u201eDiverzifikace je v\u017edy p\u0159\u00ednosn\u00e1. Z pohledu automobilov\u00e9ho sektoru jej\u00ed pot\u0159ebu vyzdvihla nejen pandemie, ale i p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed zm\u011bna v tomto odv\u011btv\u00ed. To se toti\u017e bude muset z titulu p\u0159echodu na\u00a0elektromobilitu<\/span>\u00a0citeln\u011b prom\u011bnit. To by bylo pro tuzemskou ekonomiku nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9, i kdyby nep\u0159i\u0161la pandemie,\u201c vysv\u011btluje Seidler. Jak upozor\u0148uje nap\u0159\u00edklad server n\u011bmeck\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnopr\u00e1vn\u00ed Deutsche Welle, polsk\u00e1 ekonomika si s v\u00fdpadkem v\u00a0automobilov\u00e9m<\/span>\u00a0pr\u016fmyslu<\/span> poradila l\u00e9pe, Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed m\u011bnov\u00fd fond dokonce zlep\u0161il v\u00fdhled jej\u00edho r\u016fstu.<\/p>\n

REKORDN\u00cd SCHODEK<\/h3>\n

\u0160patn\u00e1 situace v\u00a0automobilov\u00e9m<\/span>\u00a0pr\u016fmyslu<\/span>\u00a0se prom\u00edt\u00e1 do v\u00fdsledk\u016f cel\u00e9ho \u010desk\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. Je\u0161t\u011b na za\u010d\u00e1tku leto\u0161n\u00edho roku ministerstvo financ\u00ed odhadovalo, \u017ee ekonomika poroste tempem 3,1 procenta. V l\u00e9t\u011b resort odhad je\u0161t\u011b o desetinu procentn\u00edho bodu zv\u00fd\u0161il, \u010demu\u017e pomohl p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm konec t\u0159et\u00ed covidov\u00e9 vlny. Pr\u00e1v\u011b \u0161patn\u00fd v\u00fdkon\u00a0automobilov\u00e9ho<\/span>\u00a0pr\u016fmyslu<\/span> ale znamenal, \u017ee ke konci roku ministerstvo financ\u00ed nakonec v\u00fdhled zhor\u0161ilo. Ekonomika tak podle resortu letos vzroste pouze o 2,5 procenta.<\/p>\n

\u201eVelmi otev\u0159en\u00e1 \u010desk\u00e1 ekonomika s vysok\u00fdm pod\u00edlem\u00a0v\u00fdroby<\/span>\u00a0automobil\u016f<\/span>\u00a0na p\u0159idan\u00e9 hodnot\u011b je v tomto sm\u011bru zna\u010dn\u011b zraniteln\u00e1,\u201c napsalo ministerstvo financ\u00ed v listopadov\u00e9 predikci. Pouk\u00e1zalo i na rostouc\u00ed schodek zahrani\u010dn\u00edho obchodu, kter\u00fd pr\u00e1v\u011b n\u00edzkou\u00a0v\u00fdrobou<\/span>\u00a0aut<\/span> trp\u00ed. Zdra\u017euje se naopak dovoz do \u010ceska (p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pohonn\u00e9 hmoty nebo plyn), v druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b tak\u00e9 rostl apetit \u010cech\u016f nakupovat. V pr\u016fb\u011bhu pandemie toti\u017e dom\u00e1cnosti naspo\u0159ily rekordn\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed pen\u011bz.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdkon ekonomiky se p\u0159\u00edmo p\u0159el\u00e9v\u00e1 do st\u00e1tn\u00ed pokladny \u2013 ovliv\u0148uje, kolik st\u00e1t na dan\u00edch z\u00edsk\u00e1 na sv\u016fj provoz. Pr\u00e1v\u011b kv\u016fli\u00a0automobilov\u00e9mu<\/span>\u00a0pr\u016fmyslu<\/span> se \u010desk\u00e1 ekonomika ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi nezvedala nijak rychle. Ve t\u0159et\u00edm \u010dtvrtlet\u00ed rostla o 1,5 procenta, zat\u00edmco evropsk\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br byl podle Eurostatu 2,1 procenta.<\/p>\n

Leto\u0161ek p\u0159itom z\u00e1sadn\u011b zm\u011bnil situaci ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch financ\u00ed. Vedle pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed pandemie k tomu p\u0159isp\u011blo faktick\u00e9 sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed dan\u011b z p\u0159\u00edjmu, kter\u00e9 v Poslaneck\u00e9 sn\u011bmovn\u011b prosadilo hnut\u00ed ANO spolu s p\u0159edstaviteli ODS, SPD nebo KS\u010cM. Tento krok se ve v\u00fdb\u011bru dan\u00ed projevil od \u00fanora. Ve stejn\u00e9 dob\u011b v\u0161ak v \u010cesku za\u010d\u00ednal rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd lockdown, po kter\u00e9m nakonec ministerstvo financ\u00ed muselo p\u0159ehodnotit sv\u00e9 rozpo\u010dtov\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny. Pl\u00e1novan\u00fd schodek ve v\u00fd\u0161i 320 miliard pouh\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc a p\u016fl od za\u010d\u00e1tku roku nabobtnal o dal\u0161\u00edch 180 miliard korun, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vl\u00e1da z\u00edskala t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 neomezen\u00fd manipula\u010dn\u00ed prostor pro p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 kompenzace.<\/p>\n

Kone\u010dn\u00fd schodek bude nakonec podle ministerstva vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 400 miliard, \u010d\u00edm\u017e podruh\u00e9 v \u0159ad\u011b dos\u00e1hne rekordn\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b. Je\u0161t\u011b do roku 2019 se p\u0159itom \u010cesk\u00e1 republika \u0159adila mezi rozpo\u010dtov\u00e9 premianty. Zadlu\u017een\u00ed st\u00e1tu se v posledn\u00edch letech pohybovalo kolem t\u0159etiny hrub\u00e9ho dom\u00e1c\u00edho produktu a d\u00edky r\u016fstu ekonomiky v tomto pom\u011bru klesalo.<\/p>\n

I v \u201esiln\u00fdch\u201c letech se ale \u010cesko re\u00e1ln\u011b zadlu\u017eovalo, v posledn\u00edm roce p\u0159ed covidem vzrostl dluh o t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 t\u0159icet miliard. \u201eSt\u00e1tn\u00ed rozpo\u010det m\u011bl tendenci zhor\u0161ovat se ji\u017e p\u0159ed pandemi\u00ed. Nab\u00edz\u00ed se p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee v p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch je vhodn\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159et si z\u00e1soby na hor\u0161\u00ed \u010dasy,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 hlavn\u00ed ekonom poradensk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti Deloitte David Marek.<\/p>\n

Sumu v\u00edce ne\u017e 400 miliard korun, o kter\u00e9 se st\u00e1t zadlu\u017e\u00ed v leto\u0161n\u00edm roce, je pak mo\u017en\u00e9 ilustrovat v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm srovn\u00e1n\u00ed. Podle posledn\u00edch predikc\u00ed rozpo\u010dtov\u00fdch rad zem\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 unie se \u010cesko za\u0159ad\u00ed mezi p\u011bt evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se v leto\u0161n\u00edm roce zadlu\u017e\u00ed v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s rokem 2020 nejv\u00edce. \u0158ada dal\u0161\u00edch evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed p\u0159itom ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s prvn\u00edm pandemick\u00fdm rokem sv\u016fj schodek sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Kurz nastaven\u00fd odch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed ministryn\u00ed financ\u00ed Alenou Schillerovou se p\u0159itom prom\u00edtne i do hospoda\u0159en\u00ed v dal\u0161\u00edch letech. Podle odhad\u016f N\u00e1rodn\u00ed rozpo\u010dtov\u00e9 rady nebude zadlu\u017een\u00ed klesat ani v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch letech a \u010cesko se v pr\u016fb\u011bhu popandemick\u00e9ho o\u017eiven\u00ed bude muset zadlu\u017eit v\u016fbec nejv\u00edc ze zem\u00ed Evropleden sk\u00e9 unie. Do roku 2024 dluh poroste nejm\u00e9n\u011b o dal\u0161\u00edch patn\u00e1ct procentn\u00edch bod\u016f v pom\u011bru k HDP. \u010cesko toti\u017e dle rozpo\u010dtov\u00e9 rady p\u0159edstavilo nejpomalej\u0161\u00ed pl\u00e1n, jak po covidu dostat ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 finance zp\u011bt do udr\u017eiteln\u00e9ho m\u00f3du.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou jsou vedle zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9ho sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed dan\u00ed i nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 v\u00fddaje. \u201eV sou\u010dasn\u00e9m schodku st\u00e1tn\u00edho rozpo\u010dtu se se\u010detly dopady pandemie a opat\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159ijat\u00fdch vl\u00e1dou p\u0159ed pandemi\u00ed i v jej\u00edm pr\u016fb\u011bhu, kter\u00e9 s n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo nesouvisely,\u201c potvrzuje ekonom David Marek z auditorsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti Deloitte.<\/p>\n

PROBL\u00c9MY PRO RATING<\/h3>\n

Upozor\u0148uje tak\u00e9 na to, \u017ee pl\u00e1ny vl\u00e1dy na op\u011btovn\u00e9 vyrovn\u00e1n\u00ed rozpo\u010dtu sleduj\u00ed ratingov\u00e9 agentury. Ty zat\u00edm \u00fav\u011brov\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky nesn\u00ed\u017eily, pokud ale nastupuj\u00edc\u00ed vl\u00e1da ned\u00e1 finance do po\u0159\u00e1dku, takov\u00fd krok nevylu\u010duj\u00ed. To by pro st\u00e1t znamenalo, \u017ee by si musel p\u016fj\u010dovat dr\u00e1\u017e.<\/p>\n

\u201eVl\u00e1da premi\u00e9ra Babi\u0161e jednodu\u0161e nep\u0159edstavila \u017e\u00e1dnou konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed fisk\u00e1ln\u00ed strategii. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b to m\u016f\u017eeme d\u00e1t do kontextu voleb,\u201c \u0159ekl Den\u00edku N ji\u017e v kv\u011btnu analytik Steffen Dyck z ratingov\u00e9 agentury Moody\u2019s.<\/p>\n

Jednou z podm\u00ednek pro zachov\u00e1n\u00ed ratingu je nap\u0159\u00edklad op\u011btovn\u00e9 zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed dan\u00ed. Platnost da\u0148ov\u00e9ho bal\u00ed\u010dku byla p\u016fvodn\u011b koncipov\u00e1na pouze na dva roky. To ale bylo zm\u00edn\u011bno pouze v d\u016fvodov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b p\u0159edkl\u00e1dan\u00e9ho poslaneck\u00e9ho n\u00e1vrhu, ne v samotn\u00e9 legislativ\u011b. Vr\u00e1cen\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e dan\u00ed do p\u016fvodn\u00edho stavu ale nov\u00e1 vl\u00e1da nepl\u00e1nuje, stejn\u011b tak ho nepo\u017eaduje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 z opozi\u010dn\u00edch stran.<\/p>\n

Nov\u00fd ministr financ\u00ed Zbyn\u011bk Stanjura opakuje, \u017ee se \u010cesko z krize dostane bez zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed dan\u00ed. Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed pl\u00e1n nicm\u00e9n\u011b vl\u00e1da zat\u00edm nezve\u0159ejnila, na prvn\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edce roku 2022 toti\u017e po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 s rozpo\u010dtov\u00fdm provizoriem. To d\u00e1 kabinetu \u010das na p\u0159\u00edpravu nov\u00e9ho rozpo\u010dtu.<\/p>\n

\u201eCo by vlastn\u011b znamenalo zv\u00fd\u0161it dan\u011b? Lidem bychom nechali m\u00e9n\u011b,\u201c ptal se Stanjura \u0159e\u010dnicky v rozhovoru pro Seznam Zpr\u00e1vy. Podle koali\u010dn\u00edho programu chce vl\u00e1da p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm \u0161et\u0159it, N\u00e1rodn\u00ed rozpo\u010dtov\u00e1 rada ov\u0161em upozor\u0148uje, \u017ee rozpo\u010det u\u017e bez zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed jeho p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f vybalancovat nep\u016fjde. To ale zat\u00edm nov\u00e1 vl\u00e1da nepl\u00e1nuje.<\/p>\n

Pomoci paradoxn\u011b m\u016f\u017ee rostouc\u00ed inflace, kter\u00e1 nomin\u00e1ln\u011b nav\u00fd\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmy st\u00e1tu a velikost ekonomiky. Na druhou stranu, jak u\u017e pro Den\u00edk N upozornil ekonom Martin Lobotka, s r\u016fstem ekonomiky se zvy\u0161uj\u00ed i n\u011bkter\u00e9 v\u00fddaje st\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n

Rok 2021 nicm\u00e9n\u011b do \u010desk\u00e9 ekonomiky p\u0159inesl i dobr\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy. Tou nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed je, \u017ee i p\u0159es zpomalen\u00ed r\u016fstu hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, v\u00fdpadky v pr\u016fmyslu a probl\u00e9my ve slu\u017eb\u00e1ch spojen\u00e9 s uz\u00e1v\u011brami nerostla nezam\u011bstnanost. Zat\u00edmco v \u0159\u00edjnu podle dat Eurostatu dosahoval evropsk\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br 6,7 procenta, v \u010cesku bylo bez pr\u00e1ce pouze 2,6 procenta lid\u00ed. V\u00edce nezam\u011bstnan\u00fdch maj\u00ed i okoln\u00ed st\u00e1ty, v Polsku \u010din\u00ed nezam\u011bstnanost 3,4 procenta a nap\u0159\u00edklad na Slovensku 6,3 procenta.<\/p>\n

\u201eDopady krize covid-19 na registrovanou nezam\u011bstnanost se ukazuj\u00ed jako v\u00edce ne\u017e m\u00edrn\u00e9,\u201c hodnot\u00ed situaci na trhu pr\u00e1ce nap\u0159\u00edklad Institut pro demokracii a ekonomickou anal\u00fdzu IDEA.
\nTrh pr\u00e1ce tak navazuje na dobu p\u0159ed koronavirovou pandemi\u00ed, kdy se nezam\u011bstnanost tak\u00e9 dr\u017eela pod t\u0159emi procenty, pouze v lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce m\u00edrn\u011b vzrostla. Podle statistik p\u0159itom po\u010det nezam\u011bstnan\u00fdch kles\u00e1 i v n\u011bkter\u00fdch regionech, kde b\u00fdv\u00e1 tradi\u010dn\u011b lid\u00ed bez pr\u00e1ce v\u00edce. Nap\u0159\u00edklad na Karlovarsku.<\/p>\n

Navzdory optimistick\u00fdm \u010d\u00edsl\u016fm se nicm\u00e9n\u011b trh pr\u00e1ce v \u010cesku v n\u011bkter\u00fdch parametrech za\u010dal prom\u011b\u0148ovat. Jak uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed posledn\u00ed statistiky \u00da\u0159adu pr\u00e1ce, nov\u00e9 zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji hledaj\u00ed lid\u00e9 star\u0161\u00ed 50 let. Jejich pod\u00edl nyn\u00ed dosahuje 37,6 procenta, p\u0159ed kriz\u00ed to bylo o p\u016fl druh\u00e9ho procentn\u00edho bodu m\u00e9n\u011b. Na \u00fa\u0159adech pr\u00e1ce naopak ubylo nejmlad\u0161\u00edch uchaze\u010d\u016f, v\u00fdrazn\u011b ale p\u0159ibylo lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed na pr\u00e1ci \u010dekaj\u00ed d\u00e9le ne\u017e rok.<\/p>\n

P\u0159esto na trhu pr\u00e1ce d\u00e1le z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed stovky tis\u00edc voln\u00fdch m\u00edst (celkem 344 840 pozic), v drtiv\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b (p\u0159es 72 procent) jsou to m\u00edsta s n\u00edzkou kvalifikac\u00ed. \u201eJe pot\u0159eba si \u0159\u00edci, jak\u00e1 to jsou pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsta. Proto\u017ee to v\u00e1m o t\u00e9 ekonomice hrozn\u011b moc vypov\u00ed. Jak\u00e1 m\u00edsta to jsou? Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed\u00a0\u0161kola<\/span>, minim\u00e1ln\u00ed kvalifikace a mzda kolem minim\u00e1ln\u00ed,\u201c vysv\u011btluje ekonomka Ilona \u0160vihl\u00edkov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Ekonomov\u00e9 tak upozor\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee sou\u010dasn\u00fd hlad po zam\u011bstnanc\u00edch mohou firmy ukojit p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm navy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm mezd. K tomu v leto\u0161n\u00edm roce doch\u00e1zelo, r\u016fst pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 mzdy nad 37 tis\u00edc ale nen\u00ed v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b tak motivuj\u00edc\u00ed. S ohledem na inflaci je re\u00e1ln\u00fd r\u016fst mezd jen zhruba o jedno procento.<\/p>\n

\u201eMus\u00edme \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee pracovn\u00ed s\u00edla je probl\u00e9m i z d\u016fvodu demografie, vz\u00edt ji jako vz\u00e1cn\u00fd zdroj a maxim\u00e1ln\u011b firmy motivovat k\u00a0automatizaci<\/span>\u00a0a\u00a0robotizaci<\/span>. Proto\u017ee dovoz \u201alevn\u00fdch pracovn\u00edk\u016f\u2018 je cesta ke mzdov\u00e9mu dumpingu, ze kter\u00e9ho se pak nikdy nevyhrabeme,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1 \u0160vihl\u00edkov\u00e1. Podobn\u011b jako ostatn\u00ed odborn\u00edci upozor\u0148uje na to, \u017ee \u010cesko by se m\u011blo v\u00edce zam\u011b\u0159ovat na produkci s vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed p\u0159idanou hodnotou.<\/p>\n

Jak nicm\u00e9n\u011b upozor\u0148uje pracovn\u00ed agentura Manpower, pr\u00e1v\u011b v pr\u016fmyslu nyn\u00ed panuje nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed nejistota, zda p\u0159ij\u00edmat dal\u0161\u00ed zam\u011bstnance. Zat\u00edmco 32 procent spole\u010dnost\u00ed v tomto sektoru je p\u0159ipraveno nov\u00e9 zam\u011bstnance nab\u00edrat, 34 procent firem hovo\u0159\u00ed o propou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroj: denikn.cz<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rok 2021 m\u011bl b\u00fdt pro \u010deskou i glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomiku \u010dasem o\u017eiven\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edchod vakc\u00edny proti covidu a zotaven\u00ed pr\u016fmyslu d\u00e1valy nad\u011bji, \u017ee se hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed zvl\u00e1dne z koronavirov\u00e9 krize rychle ot\u0159epat. K tomu ale do\u0161lo pouze \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b. Pro \u010ceskou republiku byl uplynul\u00fd rok p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ve znamen\u00ed prudk\u00e9ho zadlu\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159inesl ale tak\u00e9 reflexi, jak\u00fdm sm\u011brem by se m\u011blo […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":81,"featured_media":19696,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"kategorie_prispevku":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nJistoty ekonomiky dostaly velk\u00fd z\u00e1sah | Autoklastr<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/jistoty-ekonomiky-dostaly-velky-zasah\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale:alternate\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Jistoty ekonomiky dostaly velk\u00fd z\u00e1sah\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Rok 2021 m\u011bl b\u00fdt pro \u010deskou i glob\u00e1ln\u00ed ekonomiku \u010dasem o\u017eiven\u00ed. 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P\u0159\u00edchod vakc\u00edny proti covidu a zotaven\u00ed pr\u016fmyslu d\u00e1valy nad\u011bji, \u017ee se hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed zvl\u00e1dne z koronavirov\u00e9 krize rychle ot\u0159epat. K tomu ale do\u0161lo pouze \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b. Pro \u010ceskou republiku byl uplynul\u00fd rok p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ve znamen\u00ed prudk\u00e9ho zadlu\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159inesl ale tak\u00e9 reflexi, jak\u00fdm sm\u011brem by se m\u011blo […]","og_url":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/jistoty-ekonomiky-dostaly-velky-zasah\/","og_site_name":"Autoklastr","article_published_time":"2021-12-30T09:30:22+00:00","article_modified_time":"2022-01-05T10:03:02+00:00","og_image":[{"width":640,"height":427,"url":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/P2021102505271.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Karel B\u0159emek","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Karel B\u0159emek","Est. reading time":"8 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/jistoty-ekonomiky-dostaly-velky-zasah\/","url":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/jistoty-ekonomiky-dostaly-velky-zasah\/","name":"Jistoty ekonomiky dostaly velk\u00fd z\u00e1sah","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/jistoty-ekonomiky-dostaly-velky-zasah\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/jistoty-ekonomiky-dostaly-velky-zasah\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/P2021102505271.jpg","datePublished":"2021-12-30T09:30:22+00:00","dateModified":"2022-01-05T10:03:02+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/#\/schema\/person\/51de917140dff28ece1c759a7579ba79"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/jistoty-ekonomiky-dostaly-velky-zasah\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/jistoty-ekonomiky-dostaly-velky-zasah\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/jistoty-ekonomiky-dostaly-velky-zasah\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/P2021102505271.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/P2021102505271.jpg","width":640,"height":427,"caption":"V\u0161ichni zam\u011bstnanci v provozu firmy Daikin v Plzni m\u011bli 25. \u0159\u00edjna 2021 v souladu s nov\u00fdmi protiepidemick\u00fdmi opat\u0159en\u00edmi rou\u0161ky \u010di respir\u00e1tory na ochranu proti koronaviru."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/jistoty-ekonomiky-dostaly-velky-zasah\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Dom\u016f","item":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Jistoty ekonomiky dostaly velk\u00fd z\u00e1sah"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/#website","url":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/","name":"Autoklastr","description":"Spole\u010dn\u011b pro Automotive!","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/#\/schema\/person\/51de917140dff28ece1c759a7579ba79","name":"Karel B\u0159emek","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ba59bb4aee7dc631079170762e66e8c6?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ba59bb4aee7dc631079170762e66e8c6?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Karel B\u0159emek"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19693"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/81"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19693"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19693\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19698,"href":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19693\/revisions\/19698"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19696"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19693"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19693"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19693"},{"taxonomy":"kategorie_prispevku","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kategorie_prispevku?post=19693"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}