{"id":26492,"date":"2024-04-23T19:18:00","date_gmt":"2024-04-23T17:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/?p=26492"},"modified":"2024-04-24T19:22:00","modified_gmt":"2024-04-24T17:22:00","slug":"kyberneticke-utoky-cili-i-na-vyrobni-stroje","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/kyberneticke-utoky-cili-i-na-vyrobni-stroje\/","title":{"rendered":"Kybernetick\u00e9 \u00fatoky c\u00edl\u00ed i na v\u00fdrobn\u00ed stroje"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu leto\u0161n\u00edho roku bude \u010cesko implementovat do\u00a0sv\u00e9 legislativy evropskou sm\u011brnici o\u00a0kybernetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti NIS\u00a02. Ta se nov\u011b vztahuje tak\u00e9 na\u00a0\u0159adu v\u00fdrobn\u00edch firem a\u00a0zav\u00e1d\u00ed osobn\u00ed zodpov\u011bdnost jejich nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch p\u0159edstavitel\u016f. Kybernetick\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnost ve\u00a0v\u00fdrob\u011b ale m\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00e1 specifika a\u00a0li\u0161\u00ed se od\u00a0kyberbezpe\u010dnosti b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch IT syst\u00e9m\u016f. Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozd\u00edl spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 t\u0159eba v\u00a0tom, \u017ee v\u00fdrobu \u010dasto nelze okam\u017eit\u011b zastavit. Bu\u010f to neumo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed samotn\u00e9 technologie a\u00a0stroje, nebo jde o\u00a0provoz z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed nezbytn\u00fdch pot\u0159eb obyvatel.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201eZkuste si p\u0159edstavit, jak dlouho by va\u0161e firma dok\u00e1zala fungovat bez dod\u00e1vek energi\u00ed, odvodu spla\u0161kov\u00fdch vod anebo bez dopravy? Dodavatel\u00e9 jsou pod velk\u00fdm tlakem udr\u017eet provoz za\u00a0ka\u017edou cenu v\u00a0chodu. Proto je pot\u0159eba zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed jak\u00fdchkoliv nov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed, instalace bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch z\u00e1plat nebo dal\u0161\u00edch program\u016f dop\u0159edu velmi pe\u010dliv\u011b napl\u00e1novat na\u00a0dobu odst\u00e1vky,\u201c vysv\u011btluje Miroslav Kuric, odborn\u00edk pro oblast digitalizace v\u00fdrobn\u00edch podnik\u016f ze\u00a0spole\u010dnosti Siemens.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0mnoh\u00fdch pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch podnic\u00edch nav\u00edc funguj\u00ed stroje i\u00a0des\u00edtky let a\u00a0instalovat antivir na\u00a0stroj t\u0159eba dvacet let star\u00fd je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nemo\u017en\u00e9. \u201eZ\u00e1rove\u0148 se u\u00a0t\u011bchto technologi\u00ed jedn\u00e1 o\u00a0z\u00e1sadn\u00ed investice, \u010dasto jsou stroje sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed kompletn\u00ed linky, kterou by bylo nutn\u00e9 celou vym\u011bnit. Hledaj\u00ed se proto v\u017edy \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed na\u00a0m\u00edru konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmu provozu,\u201c konstatuje Kuric.<\/p>\n

Kybernetickou bezpe\u010dnost ve\u00a0v\u00fdrob\u011b mus\u00ed \u0159e\u0161it \u00adtechnolog, ne aj\u0165\u00e1k<\/h3>\n

Pokud samotn\u00fd stroj nelze zabezpe\u010dit proti \u00fatoku, je t\u0159eba ho zajistit tak, aby \u00fatok ze\u00a0stroje nikam d\u00e1l nepokra\u010doval. K\u00a0tomu je obvykle nutn\u00e1 \u00fazk\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce technologa, kter\u00fd zn\u00e1 dan\u00fd stroj a\u00a0technologii v\u00fdroby, a\u00a0experta na\u00a0kyberbezpe\u010dnost. V\u00ed, v\u00a0jak\u00e9m okam\u017eiku lze v\u00fdrobu zastavit a\u00a0kdy naopak je nutn\u00e9 nechat linku b\u011b\u017eet, d\u00edky tomu m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ich\u00e1zet s\u00a0n\u00e1vrhy na\u00a0vhodn\u00e9 na\u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch prac\u00ed. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 zn\u00e1 limity jednotliv\u00fdch stroj\u016f i\u00a0cel\u00e9 technologie a\u00a0t\u00edm nastavuje mantinely, ve\u00a0kter\u00fdch m\u00e1 expert na\u00a0kyberbezpe\u010dnost hledat \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201eExistuj\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed i\u00a0pro velmi star\u00e9 stroje b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00ed na\u00a0zastaral\u00fdch opera\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech, pro kter\u00e9 u\u017e nen\u00ed k\u00a0dispozici aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed verze softwaru. Sah\u00e1 se po\u00a0hloubkov\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00edch, takov\u00fd v\u00fdrobn\u00ed stroj je mo\u017en\u00e9 nap\u0159\u00edklad odd\u011blit od\u00a0ostatn\u00edch anebo ho zabezpe\u010dit zven\u010d\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad uzam\u010den\u00edm port\u016f,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Miroslav Kuric. V\u00a0Siemensu se ot\u00e1zk\u00e1m kybernetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti ve\u00a0v\u00fdrob\u011b v\u011bnuje denn\u011b a\u00a0podot\u00fdk\u00e1, \u017ee kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 je sestavit t\u00fdm, kter\u00fd rovnov\u00e1\u017en\u011b naslouch\u00e1 odborn\u00edk\u016fm z\u00a0IT i\u00a0v\u00fdroby.<\/p>\n

Implementace sm\u011brnice NIS\u00a02 si vedle technick\u00fdch a\u00a0organiza\u010dn\u00edch zm\u011bn vy\u017e\u00e1d\u00e1 tak\u00e9 pozornost v\u011bnovanou lidsk\u00fdm zdroj\u016fm. Pro optim\u00e1ln\u00ed zaveden\u00ed prevence kybernetick\u00fdch hrozeb ve\u00a0v\u00fdrob\u011b je vhodn\u00e9 sestavit t\u00fdm v\u00a0\u010dele s\u00a0odborn\u00edkem, kter\u00fd zodpov\u00edd\u00e1 za\u00a0kybernetickou bezpe\u010dnost v\u00fdroby, \u00fazce spolupracuje s\u00a0experty na\u00a0kyberbezpe\u010dnost IT a\u00a0z\u00e1rove\u0148 je garantem cel\u00e9 koncepce. D\u016fle\u017eitou osobou je pak expert na\u00a0\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kybernetick\u00fdch rizik, kter\u00fdm m\u016f\u017ee v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech b\u00fdt i\u00a0extern\u00ed specialista.<\/p>\n

Trutnovsk\u00fd z\u00e1vod l\u00eddrem v\u00a0kyberbezpe\u010dnosti<\/h3>\n

Pr\u016fkopn\u00edkem mezi \u010desk\u00fdmi v\u00fdrobn\u00edmi z\u00e1vody, kter\u00fd se ot\u00e1zkami kyberbezpe\u010dnosti v\u00fdrobn\u00edch provoz\u016f detailn\u011b zab\u00fdv\u00e1 ji\u017e \u0159adu let, je Siemens n\u00edzkonap\u011b\u0165ov\u00e1 sp\u00ednac\u00ed technika Trutnov. \u201eProblematice rozd\u00edlu mezi opera\u010dn\u00edmi a\u00a0informa\u010dn\u00edmi technologiemi se u\u00a0n\u00e1s v\u011bnujeme od\u00a0vzniku odd\u011blen\u00ed Digitalizace v\u00a0roce 2019,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Luk\u00e1\u0161 Adamec, \u0159editel z\u00e1vodu. Podnik se zam\u011b\u0159uje na\u00a0v\u00fdrobu elektromechanick\u00fdch sp\u00ednac\u00edch a\u00a0signaliza\u010dn\u00edch prvk\u016f, elektronick\u00fdch sp\u00ednac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f a\u00a0rel\u00e9 a\u00a0na\u00a0osazov\u00e1n\u00ed plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f.<\/p>\n

\u201eVzhledem ke\u00a0kladen\u00fdm po\u017eadavk\u016fm, zodpov\u011bdnostem a\u00a0po\u017eadovan\u00fdm expertiz\u00e1m na\u00a0v\u00fdrobn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se n\u00e1m velice osv\u011bd\u010dilo striktn\u00ed rozd\u011blen\u00ed t\u00fdmu na\u00a0\u010d\u00e1st IT a\u00a0na\u00a0\u010d\u00e1st OT. Tyto t\u00fdmy v\u0161ak spolu \u00fazce spolupracuj\u00ed, aby si vz\u00e1jemn\u011b sd\u00edlely sv\u00e1 know\u2011how, z\u00edskan\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti a\u00a0best practice,\u201c dopl\u0148uje Adam Petr\u00e1\u010d, vedouc\u00ed odd\u011blen\u00ed Business Excellence v\u00a0trutnovsk\u00e9m z\u00e1vod\u011b.<\/p>\n

Podle jeho slov do\u0161lo k\u00a0v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed pov\u011bdom\u00ed a\u00a0vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed kybernetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti mezi technick\u00fdmi pracovn\u00edky na\u00a0pracovi\u0161t\u00edch. Z\u00e1vod pravideln\u011b proch\u00e1z\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edmi audity a\u00a0od\u00a0auditor\u016f dost\u00e1v\u00e1 pozitivn\u00ed zp\u011btnou vazbu. Velk\u00fd d\u016fraz klade veden\u00ed i\u00a0na\u00a0vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ech zam\u011bstnanc\u016f o\u00a0kybernetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti. \u201eNejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekou p\u0159itom bylo rozd\u011blit jeden t\u00fdm na\u00a0dv\u011b samostatn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti a\u00a0t\u00edm zm\u011bnit zab\u011bhnut\u00fd standard ve\u00a0v\u00fdrobn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti. Dnes u\u017e v\u0161e funguje tak, jak m\u00e1, oba t\u00fdmy skv\u011ble spolupracuj\u00ed a\u00a0my jsme hrd\u00ed na\u00a0aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed stav kybernetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti v\u00a0z\u00e1vod\u011b,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1 Adam Petr\u00e1\u010d.<\/p>\n

Podle Luk\u00e1\u0161e Adamce stoj\u00ed za\u00a0odvedenou prac\u00ed jejich intern\u00ed t\u00fdm. Ten v\u0161ak z\u00e1rove\u0148 udr\u017euje pravideln\u00fd kontakt s\u00a0expertn\u00edm t\u00fdmem z\u00a0centr\u00e1ly Siemens, aby z\u00edsk\u00e1val korpor\u00e1tn\u00ed znalosti a\u00a0t\u011b\u017eil i\u00a0ze\u00a0zahrani\u010dn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti nadn\u00e1rodn\u00ed firmy. \u201eJe p\u0159\u00ednosem, kdy\u017e jsou lid\u00e9 v\u00a0t\u00fdmu intern\u00ed, proto\u017ee znaj\u00ed lok\u00e1ln\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9m. K\u00a0sob\u011b si pak mohou p\u0159izvat extern\u00ed odborn\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed pomohou s\u00a0nastaven\u00edm koncepce, vyhodnocen\u00edm rizik a\u00a0implementac\u00ed technick\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Miroslav Kuric. V\u017edy je v\u0161ak podle n\u011bho nezbytn\u00e9 extern\u00edho konzultanta pe\u010dliv\u011b prov\u011b\u0159it a\u00a0ujistit se, \u017ee je expertem na\u00a0kyberbezpe\u010dnost ve\u00a0v\u00fdrob\u011b, nejen v\u00a0oblasti IT. A\u00a0tak\u00e9 myslet na\u00a0to, \u017ee mu budou sv\u011b\u0159ena extr\u00e9mn\u011b citliv\u00e1 data.<\/p>\n

Koho se sm\u011brnice t\u00fdk\u00e1<\/h3>\n

Evropsk\u00e1 sm\u011brnice NIS\u00a02 za\u010dala platit 27.\u00a0prosince\u00a02022. Jej\u00edm c\u00edlem je snaha dos\u00e1hnout vysokou obecnou \u00farove\u0148 kybernetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti u\u00a0subjekt\u016f v\u00a0r\u00e1mci EU a\u00a0zlep\u0161it fungov\u00e1n\u00ed intern\u00edho trhu. NIS\u00a02 navazuje na\u00a0aktu\u00e1ln\u011b platnou sm\u011brnici NIS a\u00a0roz\u0161i\u0159uje jej\u00ed platnost tak, \u017ee se t\u00fdk\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161ech v\u00fdrobn\u00edch podnik\u016f, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00fdroba motorov\u00fdch vozidel, v\u00fdroba stroj\u016f, potravin\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed nebo chemick\u00fd pr\u016fmysl. Jednotliv\u00e9 st\u00e1ty jsou povinny do\u00a018.\u00a0prosince leto\u0161n\u00edho roku implementovat tuto sm\u011brnici do\u00a0n\u00e1rodn\u00ed legislativy.<\/p>\n

NIS\u00a02 roz\u0161i\u0159uje rozsah p\u016fsobnosti na\u00a0\u0159adu dal\u0161\u00edch obor\u016f. Povinn\u00e9 subjekty d\u011bl\u00ed do\u00a0dvou kategori\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 Essential a\u00a0Important. Kategorie nazvan\u00e1 Essential zahrnuje firmy s\u00a0ro\u010dn\u00edm obratem p\u0159es 50\u00a0milion\u016f eur a\u00a0v\u00edce ne\u017e 249\u00a0zam\u011bstnanci. Kontrola napln\u011bn\u00ed po\u017eadavk\u016f bude prob\u00edhat n\u011bkolika zp\u016fsoby jako inspekce na\u00a0m\u00edst\u011b, vzd\u00e1len\u00e1 supervize, n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 kontroly a\u00a0pravideln\u00e9 audity. P\u0159i poru\u0161en\u00ed povinnosti hroz\u00ed pokuta do\u00a0v\u00fd\u0161e deset milion\u016f eur nebo dv\u011b procenta celkov\u00e9ho celosv\u011btov\u00e9ho ro\u010dn\u00edho obratu. Podniky v\u00a0kategorii nazvan\u00e9 Important, na\u00a0kter\u00e9 se bude vztahovat sm\u011brnice NIS\u00a02, maj\u00ed ro\u010dn\u00ed obrat nad 50 milion\u016f eur a\u00a0v\u00edce ne\u017e 50 zam\u011bstnanc\u016f. Kontrola bude prob\u00edhat formou inspekce na\u00a0m\u00edst\u011b a\u00a0vzd\u00e1lenou superviz\u00ed po\u00a0incidentech. Pokuty mohou dos\u00e1hnout a\u017e sedm milion\u016f eur nebo 1,7 procenta celkov\u00e9ho celosv\u011btov\u00e9ho ro\u010dn\u00edho obratu.<\/p>\n

NIS\u00a02 pom\u011brn\u011b p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b definuje tak\u00e9 osobn\u00ed zodpov\u011bdnost p\u0159edstavitel\u016f nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho veden\u00ed firem za\u00a0vznikl\u00e9 \u0161kody. \u201eD\u00e1v\u00e1 jim povinnost schv\u00e1lit \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed rizik pro kybernetickou bezpe\u010dnost a\u00a0kontrolovat shodu a\u00a0stanovuje zodpov\u011bdnost za\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 nedostatky,\u201c upozor\u0148uje Miroslav Kuric. Vedouc\u00ed pracovn\u00edci budou povinn\u011b proch\u00e1zet tak\u00e9 pravideln\u00fdm \u0161kolen\u00edm kybernetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti a\u00a0bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edho managementu, v\u010detn\u011b znalost\u00ed, jak tyto oblasti ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed chod a\u00a0v\u00fdstupy jimi \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 firmy.<\/p>\n

\u201ePodniky tak\u00e9 maj\u00ed povinnost deklarovat na\u00a0webu N\u00e1rodn\u00edho \u00fa\u0159adu pro kybernetickou bezpe\u010dnost, \u017ee se jich NIS\u00a02 t\u00fdk\u00e1,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1 Kuric. Firm\u00e1m doporu\u010duje za\u010d\u00edt se kyberbezpe\u010dnosti a\u00a0NIS\u00a02 v\u011bnovat co nejd\u0159\u00edve. P\u0159\u00edprava v\u010detn\u011b zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed koncepce, sestaven\u00ed t\u00fdmu intern\u00edch a\u00a0extern\u00edch odborn\u00edk\u016f a\u00a0za\u0161kolen\u00ed t\u00fdmu je ot\u00e1zkou p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm n\u011bkolika m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f intenzivn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n

\n

Zdroj: benative.hn.cz<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu leto\u0161n\u00edho roku bude \u010cesko implementovat do\u00a0sv\u00e9 legislativy evropskou sm\u011brnici o\u00a0kybernetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti NIS\u00a02. Ta se nov\u011b vztahuje tak\u00e9 na\u00a0\u0159adu v\u00fdrobn\u00edch firem a\u00a0zav\u00e1d\u00ed osobn\u00ed zodpov\u011bdnost jejich nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch p\u0159edstavitel\u016f. Kybernetick\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnost ve\u00a0v\u00fdrob\u011b ale m\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00e1 specifika a\u00a0li\u0161\u00ed se od\u00a0kyberbezpe\u010dnosti b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch IT syst\u00e9m\u016f. Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozd\u00edl spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 t\u0159eba v\u00a0tom, \u017ee v\u00fdrobu \u010dasto nelze okam\u017eit\u011b zastavit. Bu\u010f to neumo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed samotn\u00e9 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":81,"featured_media":26493,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"kategorie_prispevku":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nKybernetick\u00e9 \u00fatoky c\u00edl\u00ed i na v\u00fdrobn\u00ed stroje | Autoklastr<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/kyberneticke-utoky-cili-i-na-vyrobni-stroje\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale:alternate\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kybernetick\u00e9 \u00fatoky c\u00edl\u00ed i na v\u00fdrobn\u00ed stroje\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"V\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu leto\u0161n\u00edho roku bude \u010cesko implementovat do\u00a0sv\u00e9 legislativy evropskou sm\u011brnici o\u00a0kybernetick\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti NIS\u00a02. 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