{"id":24280,"date":"2024-02-19T20:45:13","date_gmt":"2024-02-19T19:45:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/?p=24280"},"modified":"2024-02-28T21:02:54","modified_gmt":"2024-02-28T20:02:54","slug":"co-brzdi-vymenu-baterii-v-elektromobilech","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/co-brzdi-vymenu-baterii-v-elektromobilech\/","title":{"rendered":"Co brzd\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bnu bateri\u00ed v elektromobilech?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Prodeje elektromobil\u016f na kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch trz\u00edch po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b solidn\u011b rostou, ale infrastruktura pro nab\u00edjen\u00ed je st\u00e1le p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekou. V porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s benz\u00ednov\u00fdm nebo naftov\u00fdm vozidlem trv\u00e1 „natankov\u00e1n\u00ed“ elektromobilu mnohem d\u00e9le, a to i na rychlonab\u00edje\u010dce. Zde by mohla hr\u00e1t roli v\u00fdm\u011bna bateri\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl se t\u00edmto konceptem zab\u00fdv\u00e1 ji\u017e n\u011bkolik let. V podstat\u011b jde o v\u00fdm\u011bnu pou\u017eit\u00e9 baterie za pln\u011b nabitou ve speci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bnn\u00e9 stanici. To v\u00fdrazn\u011b zkracuje \u010dasovou n\u00e1ro\u010dnost pro \u0159idi\u010de – v\u00fdm\u011bna trv\u00e1 v pr\u016fm\u011bru jen t\u0159i a\u017e \u010dty\u0159i minuty. Izraelsk\u00fd start-up Better Place byl pr\u016fkopn\u00edkem – mo\u017en\u00e1 a\u017e p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 brzy, proto\u017ee se mu nepoda\u0159ilo z\u00edskat dostatek p\u0159\u00edznivc\u016f a skon\u010dil v konkurzu. Spole\u010dnost Tesla p\u0159ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 deseti lety sl\u00edbila, \u017ee \u0159idi\u010d\u016fm nab\u00eddne technologii v\u00fdm\u011bny, ale pozd\u011bji od sv\u00e9ho z\u00e1m\u011bru ustoupila a projekt zru\u0161ila.<\/p>\n

Nyn\u00ed se toho chopili \u010c\u00ed\u0148an\u00e9 a z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1skok. Na konci \u010dervna 2023 m\u011bly t\u0159i nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zna\u010dky v\u00fdm\u011bnn\u00fdch voz\u016f 2 266 v\u00fdm\u011bnn\u00fdch stanic po cel\u00e9 zemi. Je zbytek sv\u011bta p\u0159ipraven je n\u00e1sledovat? Arturs Smilkstins, v\u00fdkonn\u00fd \u0159editel a partner spole\u010dnosti Boston Consulting Group (BCG), kter\u00fd vede oblast automobilov\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu a elektrick\u00fdch vozidel tak\u00e9 pro Velkou Brit\u00e1nii, si t\u00edm nen\u00ed tak jist\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Jak\u00e9 jsou hlavn\u00ed v\u00fdhody v\u00fdm\u011bny bateri\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u010cas: m\u00edsto 30, 40 nebo 50 minut \u010dek\u00e1n\u00ed na pln\u00e9 nabit\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete baterii vym\u011bnit za t\u0159i nebo \u010dty\u0159i minuty.<\/p>\n

To by m\u011blo vy\u0159e\u0161it jednu z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch sou\u010dasn\u00fdch obav spot\u0159ebitel\u016f z elektromobil\u016f. A co nev\u00fdhody?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hlavn\u00ed nev\u00fdhodou jsou obrovsk\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na zm\u011bnu architektury vozidla. Pr\u016fmysl by musel zav\u00e9st standardn\u00ed fyzickou architekturu, i kdy\u017e chemie bateri\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt odli\u0161n\u00e1. To by p\u0159edstavovalo z\u00e1sadn\u00ed zm\u011bnu v konstrukci automobil\u016f. V\u0161ichni v\u00fdrobci OEM by museli spolupracovat. Trvalo jim 20 let, ne\u017e se dohodli na instalaci port\u016f USB. Dohodnout se na stejn\u00e9 architektu\u0159e by mohlo trvat sto let.<\/p>\n

D\u00e1le je tu ot\u00e1zka kvality baterie. N\u011bkdo m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ijet na v\u00fdm\u011bnnou stanici s bateri\u00ed, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 u\u017e jen 75 % p\u016fvodn\u00ed kapacity, a vym\u011bnit ji za baterii s kapacitou 95 %. Jak to vyrovnat, aby to bylo spravedliv\u00e9? Takov\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f p\u0159i realizaci bude mnoho.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\"Better<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed nab\u00edjec\u00ed stanice Better Place v Izraeli<\/em><\/p>\n

Jak se podle v\u00e1s bude trh s v\u00fdm\u011bnn\u00fdmi bateriemi vyv\u00edjet v nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch letech?<\/strong><\/p>\n

V p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch t\u0159ech a\u017e p\u011bti letech se v\u00fdrobci OEM skute\u010dn\u011b zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed na p\u0159echod sv\u00fdch portfoli\u00ed na klasickou \u0159adu elektromobil\u016f. T\u00edm m\u00e1m na mysli vozidla s bateri\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se mohou nab\u00edjet p\u0159ipojen\u00edm do z\u00e1suvky. V kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9m horizontu nep\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1me velk\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst v\u00fdm\u011bnn\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Je to proto, \u017ee pro swapov\u00e1n\u00ed je t\u0159eba po\u010d\u00edtat od sam\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00e1tku, a to v produktov\u00fdch roadmap\u00e1ch nevid\u00edme.<\/p>\n

Tento p\u0159\u00edpad pou\u017eit\u00ed je ur\u010den p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro cesty na dlouh\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti. Nap\u0159\u00edklad ji mohu pou\u017e\u00edt, kdy\u017e jsem na dovolen\u00e9 a jedu ze Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed do \u0160v\u00fdcarska. To je cesta dlouh\u00e1 1 000 km a obvykle bych t\u0159ikr\u00e1t nebo \u010dty\u0159ikr\u00e1t zastavil, abych se nabil. Zde by se v\u00fdm\u011bna mohla hodit, ale nen\u00ed mnoho p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f pou\u017eit\u00ed, kdy pot\u0159ebuji ujet tak dlouhou vzd\u00e1lenost.<\/p>\n

To m\u016f\u017ee platit pro osobn\u00ed automobily v soukrom\u00e9m vlastnictv\u00ed, ale co ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 doprava?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zde by se v\u00fdm\u011bna mohla uplatnit o n\u011bco v\u00edce, a\u010dkoli tento segment je z hlediska po\u010dtu jednotek velmi mal\u00fd. Provozovatel\u00e9 se v podstat\u011b mus\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159it na to, jak rychle mohou nab\u00edjet sv\u00e9 elektrobusy. Ned\u00e1vno jsme jednali s jednou zem\u00ed, kter\u00e1 cht\u011bla po\u0159\u00eddit elektrobusy, a zva\u017eovali jsme v\u0161echny aspekty: standardy nab\u00edjen\u00ed, velikosti bateri\u00ed, poskytovatele. Prob\u011bhla p\u011btiminutov\u00e1 diskuse o v\u00fdm\u011bn\u011b a ta byla velmi rychle vylou\u010dena. Pro tento p\u0159\u00edpad pou\u017eit\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd dojezd v\u00fdm\u011bnu opravdu nepot\u0159ebujeme.<\/p>\n

A pro d\u00e1lkovou n\u00e1kladn\u00ed dopravu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Stejn\u011b jako \u0159idi\u010di autobus\u016f mus\u00ed i \u0159idi\u010di n\u00e1kladn\u00edch automobil\u016f dodr\u017eovat povinn\u00e9 p\u0159est\u00e1vky. Nejezdili by d\u00e9le ne\u017e dv\u011b nebo t\u0159i hodiny a tyto p\u0159irozen\u00e9 pauzy mohou b\u00fdt spojeny s nab\u00edjen\u00edm. Na druhou stranu by swapov\u00e1n\u00ed mohlo podpo\u0159it provoz se dv\u011bma \u0159idi\u010di, kte\u0159\u00ed jezd\u00ed 24 hodin denn\u011b, 7 dn\u00ed v t\u00fddnu, kdy v podstat\u011b neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 dlouh\u00e9 p\u0159est\u00e1vky na nab\u00edjen\u00ed. Zde je v\u0161ak vod\u00edk dal\u0161\u00edm kandid\u00e1tem, kter\u00fd rovn\u011b\u017e spl\u0148uje v\u0161echny podm\u00ednky. Jsme p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010deni, \u017ee vod\u00edk je pro d\u00e1lkov\u00e9 a st\u0159edn\u011b dlouh\u00e9 n\u00e1kladn\u00ed vozy tou spr\u00e1vnou cestou.<\/p>\n

Celkov\u00fd obraz, kter\u00fd vykreslujete, se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt pro tuto technologii dosti omezen\u00fd. Vid\u00edte n\u011bjak\u00e9 dobr\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady pou\u017eit\u00ed pro v\u00fdm\u011bnu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

V dlouhodob\u00e9m horizontu o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1me, \u017ee se vozidla budou v\u00edce standardizovat a flotily robotax\u016f budou m\u00edt stejn\u00fd tvar a podobu. Zde je mobilita mnohem m\u00e9n\u011b osobn\u00ed, v\u00edce sd\u00edlen\u00e1 a v\u00edce komoditizovan\u00e1. V tomto ekosyst\u00e9mu sta\u010d\u00ed zajistit, aby vozidla byla v provozu 24 hodin denn\u011b, 7 dn\u00ed v t\u00fddnu. Zde by se mohla v\u00edce uplatnit v\u00fdm\u011bna, ale to se bav\u00edme o dob\u011b za deset nebo patn\u00e1ct let.<\/p>\n

U komoditn\u00edch vozidel se p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee se v\u0161ichni v\u00fdrobci dohodnou na jedn\u00e9 standardn\u00ed architektu\u0159e?<\/strong><\/p>\n

To se mus\u00ed st\u00e1t, jinak v\u00fdm\u011bna prost\u011b nebude fungovat. Existuje v\u0161ak n\u011bkolik technick\u00fdch p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se elektrick\u00e9 architektury li\u0161\u00ed podle zna\u010dky, segmentu a technologie, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e spousta z nich se d\u011bl\u00ed na 400V a 800V. Automobilka bude pou\u017e\u00edvat jednu platformu, dokud nep\u0159ijde dal\u0161\u00ed generace, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee trvat i deset let. Sjednocen\u00ed bude trvat dlouho a zat\u00edm neexistuje konsenzus. Nikdo ne\u0159\u00edk\u00e1: „Ano, 800V architektura je ta spr\u00e1vn\u00e1“. Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed l\u00e9pe odpov\u00edd\u00e1 segment\u016fm, kter\u00e9 pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkon. Sjednotit to mezi segmenty dnes ned\u00e1v\u00e1 smysl a nen\u00ed to na vrcholu ni\u010d\u00ed agendy.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\"Kymco<\/p>\n

Stanice pro v\u00fdm\u011bnu bateri\u00ed jsou obl\u00edben\u00e9 u jednostop\u00fdch vozidel<\/em><\/p>\n

V n\u011bkter\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech sv\u011bta, zejm\u00e9na v Asii, se v\u00fdm\u011bna bateri\u00ed v segmentu dvoukolov\u00fdch vozidel rozmohla. Jak to vid\u00edte vy?<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00fdm\u011bna bateri\u00ed by mohla b\u00fdt zaj\u00edmav\u00e1 a d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 pro cel\u00fd sv\u011bt mikromobility elektrokol a elektrosk\u00fatr\u016f. V \u010c\u00edn\u011b a Indii do\u0161lo k velk\u00e9mu roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed – je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed sedmi lety tam jezdilo po silnic\u00edch n\u011bkolik milion\u016f elektrokol a e-motocykl\u016f. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b experimentuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Existuje z dlouhodob\u00e9ho hlediska na trhu prostor pro v\u00fdm\u011bnu bateri\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nemysl\u00edm si, \u017ee zmiz\u00ed. Obecn\u011b o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1m, \u017ee se bude rozv\u00edjet sp\u00ed\u0161e ve specifick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech pou\u017eit\u00ed a ve v\u00fdklenkov\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch ne\u017e v cel\u00e9m odv\u011btv\u00ed. Jedn\u00edm z p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f jsou d\u016fln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Nab\u00edjen\u00ed t\u011bchto vozidel p\u0159es noc v odlehl\u00fdch oblastech by vy\u017eadovalo hodn\u011b energie. N\u011bkdy tato vozidla pracuj\u00ed 24 hodin denn\u011b, 7 dn\u00ed v t\u00fddnu. Mohli byste je p\u0159iv\u00e9zt do gar\u00e1\u017ee, vym\u011bnit baterii a d\u00e1t je znovu do provozu, zat\u00edmco star\u00e1 baterie se bude nab\u00edjet pomalou rychlost\u00ed, kdykoli bude n\u00edzk\u00e1 cena.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroj: automotiveworld.com<\/p>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Prodeje elektromobil\u016f na kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch trz\u00edch po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b solidn\u011b rostou, ale infrastruktura pro nab\u00edjen\u00ed je st\u00e1le p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekou. V porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s benz\u00ednov\u00fdm nebo naftov\u00fdm vozidlem trv\u00e1 „natankov\u00e1n\u00ed“ elektromobilu mnohem d\u00e9le, a to i na rychlonab\u00edje\u010dce. Zde by mohla hr\u00e1t roli v\u00fdm\u011bna bateri\u00ed. Automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl se t\u00edmto konceptem zab\u00fdv\u00e1 ji\u017e n\u011bkolik let. V podstat\u011b jde o v\u00fdm\u011bnu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":81,"featured_media":24281,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"kategorie_prispevku":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCo brzd\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bnu bateri\u00ed v elektromobilech? | Autoklastr<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/co-brzdi-vymenu-baterii-v-elektromobilech\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale:alternate\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Co brzd\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bnu bateri\u00ed v elektromobilech?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Prodeje elektromobil\u016f na kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch trz\u00edch po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b solidn\u011b rostou, ale infrastruktura pro nab\u00edjen\u00ed je st\u00e1le p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekou. V porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s benz\u00ednov\u00fdm nebo naftov\u00fdm vozidlem trv\u00e1 „natankov\u00e1n\u00ed“ elektromobilu mnohem d\u00e9le, a to i na rychlonab\u00edje\u010dce. Zde by mohla hr\u00e1t roli v\u00fdm\u011bna bateri\u00ed. Automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl se t\u00edmto konceptem zab\u00fdv\u00e1 ji\u017e n\u011bkolik let. 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