{"id":23229,"date":"2023-09-18T09:14:49","date_gmt":"2023-09-18T07:14:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/?p=23229"},"modified":"2023-09-20T09:35:06","modified_gmt":"2023-09-20T07:35:06","slug":"udrzitelnost-pneumatik-vyzaduje-novy-obchodni-model","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/udrzitelnost-pneumatik-vyzaduje-novy-obchodni-model\/","title":{"rendered":"Udr\u017eitelnost pneumatik vy\u017eaduje nov\u00fd obchodn\u00ed model"},"content":{"rendered":"

Automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl pneumatik se vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 na cestu nov\u00e9 inovace, proto\u017ee se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 st\u00e1le nal\u00e9hav\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi probl\u00e9my udr\u017eitelnosti. Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok se p\u0159i opot\u0159eben\u00ed uvoln\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 6,1 milionu tun prachu z pneumatik. Tento prach obsahuje toxick\u00e9 chemik\u00e1lie a zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uje ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, vodu a p\u016fdu. Elektromobily (EV) sice nab\u00edzej\u00ed nulov\u00e9 emise ve v\u00fdfukov\u00fdch plynech, ale jsou podstatn\u011b t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e jejich prot\u011bj\u0161ky se spalovac\u00edmi motory (ICE) a zvy\u0161uj\u00ed opot\u0159eben\u00ed pneumatik. \u0158ada spole\u010dnost\u00ed navrhuje pneumatiky speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro pot\u0159eby elektromobil\u016f, ale udr\u017eitelnost je \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\"Gunnlaugur<\/p>\n

Gunnlaugur Erlendsson<\/em><\/p>\n

Pneumatiky maj\u00ed omezenou \u017eivotnost a mnoho z nich kon\u010d\u00ed na skl\u00e1dk\u00e1ch, kde se z nich mohou do \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed uvol\u0148ovat toxick\u00e9 chemik\u00e1lie. V\u011bt\u0161ina z nich se nakonec sp\u00e1l\u00ed, co\u017e je proces, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m se uvol\u0148uj\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00e9 plyny. „Kdekoli se dotknete pneumatik\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu, m\u00e1te emise uhl\u00edku, zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, toxicitu a odpad,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Gunnlaugur Erlendsson, v\u00fdkonn\u00fd \u0159editel spole\u010dnosti Enso, kter\u00e1 se sama ozna\u010duje za prvn\u00edho sv\u011btov\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobce udr\u017eiteln\u00fdch pneumatik (enso je japonsky kruhov\u00fd). Erlendsson nazna\u010duje, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 z t\u011bchto probl\u00e9m\u016f vypl\u00fdvaj\u00ed ze samotn\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobku, zat\u00edmco jin\u00e9 souvisej\u00ed se zp\u016fsobem fungov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u016fmyslu. A tyto dva aspekty spolu \u00fazce souvisej\u00ed. „Vyr\u00e1b\u00edme inovativn\u00ed produkt, ale prod\u00e1v\u00e1me ho prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm p\u0159evratn\u00e9ho obchodn\u00edho modelu,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 pro Automotive World.<\/p>\n

Inovativn\u00ed produkt<\/h4>\n

Pokud jde o v\u00fdrobek, spole\u010dnost Enso tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 kvalitn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed suroviny, ne\u017e je b\u011b\u017en\u00e9, podrobnosti v\u0161ak neuvedla. T\u00fdm v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f – podle Erlendssona „tajn\u00e1 om\u00e1\u010dka“ – navrhuje pneumatiky s ohledem na jejich \u00fa\u010dinnost a odolnost. Ned\u00e1vn\u00e1 zkou\u0161ka v r\u00e1mci inova\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzvy Transport for London (TfL) FreightLab Challenge postavila pneumatiky Enso proti standardn\u011b montovan\u00fdm pr\u00e9miov\u00fdm a levn\u00fdm zna\u010dkov\u00fdm pneumatik\u00e1m na modelech Nissan eNV200 a Peugeot Partner EV. Elektrick\u00e9 dod\u00e1vky jezdily 15 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f v Lond\u00fdn\u011b a ka\u017ed\u00fdch \u0161est t\u00fddn\u016f se u nich sledoval celkov\u00fd \u00fabytek hmotnosti pneumatik v z\u00e1vislosti na ujet\u00fdch kilometrech, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e se m\u011b\u0159ily celkov\u00e9 emise z pneumatik (g\/km).<\/p>\n

\u00a0\"\"<\/p>\n

Spole\u010dnost Enso spolupracovala se spole\u010dnost\u00ed Royal Mail na testech elektrick\u00fdch pneumatik v Lond\u00fdn\u011b<\/em><\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci dosp\u011bli k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee pneumatiky Enso p\u0159ekonaly konkuren\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdrobky v celkov\u00e9 spot\u0159eb\u011b energie, produkci pevn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic (PM) a vlivu na celkov\u00fd dojezd. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b bylo zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee pneumatiky Enso sni\u017euj\u00ed emise PM a\u017e o 35 % a zlep\u0161uj\u00ed energetickou \u00fa\u010dinnost a\u017e o 10 %.<\/p>\n

I kdy\u017e jsou sou\u010dasn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky a ukazatele udr\u017eitelnosti p\u016fsobiv\u00e9, Erlendsson zleh\u010duje produktovou str\u00e1nku podnik\u00e1n\u00ed. „Technologie pro zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed \u0161kodliv\u00fdch dopad\u016f pneumatik existuj\u00ed, ale do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry je pro pr\u016fmysl jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed jednodu\u0161e p\u0159ijmout status quo,“ konstatuje. „Velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st udr\u017eitelnosti pneumatik\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 ve zm\u011bn\u011b finan\u010dn\u00edch pob\u00eddek a obchodn\u00edho modelu.“<\/p>\n

Pneumatiky jako slu\u017eba<\/h4>\n

Dnes spole\u010dnost Enso dod\u00e1v\u00e1 pouze n\u00e1hradn\u00ed pneumatiky pro trh s n\u00e1hradn\u00edmi d\u00edly a prod\u00e1v\u00e1 je p\u0159\u00edmo z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm provozovatel\u016fm vozov\u00fdch park\u016f a \u0159idi\u010d\u016fm elektromobil\u016f. „To n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00edce investovat do na\u0161ich v\u00fdrobk\u016f, pokud jde o pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 suroviny, abychom dos\u00e1hli lep\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdkon\u016f a men\u0161\u00edho dopadu na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Znamen\u00e1 to tak\u00e9, \u017ee \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b odstran\u00edme prost\u0159edn\u00edka, tak\u017ee pneumatiky jsou na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b cenov\u011b dostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed,“ uv\u00e1d\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\"Enso<\/p>\n

Lond\u00fdn\u0161t\u00ed taxik\u00e1\u0159i jsou kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm c\u00edlov\u00fdm trhem pro pneumatiky Enso<\/em><\/p>\n

Pokud v\u0161ak pneumatiky spole\u010dnosti Enso vydr\u017e\u00ed d\u00e9le, teoreticky jich prod\u00e1 m\u00e9n\u011b a vyd\u011bl\u00e1 m\u00e9n\u011b pen\u011bz. Proto p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed na \u0159adu model pneumatik jako slu\u017eby. Enso \u00fa\u010dtuje z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm poplatky za ujet\u00e9 kilometry. „Pokud vyd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1te na prodeji st\u00e1le v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho po\u010dtu pneumatik, nemus\u00edte nutn\u011b cht\u00edt, aby vydr\u017eely p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dlouho,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Erlendsson. S p\u0159\u00edstupem na kilometr se motivace m\u011bn\u00ed ze snahy o v\u00fdm\u011bnu mnoha pneumatik na maximalizaci po\u010dtu ujet\u00fdch kilometr\u016f. Je to p\u0159\u00edstup, kter\u00fd se ji\u017e objevuje v n\u011bkter\u00fdch v\u00fdklenkov\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech odv\u011btv\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b pneumatik pro autobusy. P\u0159i modelu pay-per-mile z\u00e1kazn\u00edci neplat\u00ed v\u00edce, ne\u017e by platili jinak, ale vyr\u00e1b\u00ed se m\u00e9n\u011b v\u00fdrobk\u016f.<\/p>\n

„Je to v\u00fdhra pro z\u00e1kazn\u00edka, v\u00fdrobce i \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed,“ zd\u016fraz\u0148uje. „Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 to inovativn\u00edm v\u00fdrobkem, ale je to podpo\u0159eno p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm obchodn\u00edm modelem zalo\u017een\u00fdm na slu\u017eb\u00e1ch. Kdy\u017e tyto dva prvky spoj\u00edte, m\u016f\u017eete pak realizovat tyto pozitivn\u00ed efekty.“<\/p>\n

\u0160ablona<\/h4>\n

Spole\u010dnost Enso douf\u00e1, \u017ee jednou bude prod\u00e1vat i v\u00fdrobc\u016fm automobil\u016f, ale jej\u00ed sou\u010dasnou z\u00e1kaznickou z\u00e1kladnu tvo\u0159\u00ed elektrick\u00e9 vozov\u00e9 parky s vysok\u00fdm po\u010dtem najet\u00fdch kilometr\u016f. „Jedn\u00e1 se o profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed skupinu z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f, kter\u00e1 nakupuje mnoho vozidel. Prodlu\u017eujeme dojezd vozidel, \u0161et\u0159\u00edme jim nab\u00edjen\u00ed a n\u00e1klady. Zam\u011b\u0159ujeme se na tyto p\u0159\u00edpady pou\u017eit\u00ed, kde je jasn\u011b vid\u011bt p\u0159\u00ednos velmi rychle.“<\/p>\n

Tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee taxik\u00e1\u0159i v Lond\u00fdn\u011b, kte\u0159\u00ed jezd\u00ed na pneumatik\u00e1ch Enso, vyd\u011bl\u00e1vaj\u00ed denn\u011b v\u00edce pen\u011bz ne\u017e p\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed konkuren\u010dn\u00edch v\u00fdrobk\u016f. Spole\u010dnost vyvinula prvn\u00ed pneumatiku s hodnocen\u00edm AA pro lond\u00fdnsk\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 taxi, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e hodnocen\u00ed A se vztahuje k energetick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinnosti a bezpe\u010dnosti. To je srovnateln\u00e9 se standardn\u00ed pneumatikou pro taxislu\u017eby, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 hodnocen\u00ed C z hlediska energetick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinnosti i bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n

Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee emise z pneumatik se st\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9mem ne\u017e emise z v\u00fdfuk\u016f, mohou dal\u0161\u00ed pneumatik\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti n\u00e1sledovat spole\u010dnost Enso. Jak je patrn\u00e9 z normy Euro 7, regula\u010dn\u00ed org\u00e1ny se ji\u017e zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed na pneumatiky, ale toto konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se vztahuje pouze na pneumatiky pro origin\u00e1ln\u00ed vybaven\u00ed, nikoli na trh s n\u00e1hradn\u00edmi pneumatikami.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\"Enso<\/p>\n

Udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky vy\u017eaduj\u00ed tak\u00e9 udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed modely<\/em><\/p>\n

„Euro 7 nen\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u011b p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9,“ tvrd\u00ed Erlendsson. „Vylu\u010duje t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echny pneumatiky prod\u00e1van\u00e9 na trhu, krom\u011b t\u011bch, kter\u00e9 se dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed s nov\u00fdm vozem.“ Kalifornie by v\u0161ak mohla poslou\u017eit jako vzor pro v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed regulaci d\u00edky sv\u00e9mu programu \u00fa\u010dinnosti n\u00e1hradn\u00edch pneumatik, kter\u00fd stanov\u00ed, \u017ee v\u0161echny n\u00e1hradn\u00ed pneumatiky mus\u00ed m\u00edt stejnou nebo vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed energetickou \u00farove\u0148 ne\u017e p\u016fvodn\u00ed pneumatika, kterou nahrazuj\u00ed. Tento st\u00e1t je tak\u00e9 l\u00eddrem v oblasti p\u0159edpis\u016f o toxicit\u011b. Od \u0159\u00edjna 2023 mus\u00ed v\u00fdrobci ozn\u00e1mit Odboru pro kontrolu toxick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek (DTSC), pokud hodlaj\u00ed v Kalifornii prod\u00e1vat pneumatiky s toxickou slou\u010deninou 6PPD. St\u00e1t m\u00e1 z\u00e1jem na tom, aby spole\u010dnosti vyhodnotily ekologick\u00e9 n\u00e1hradn\u00ed chemik\u00e1lie, a\u010dkoli se zat\u00edm zd\u00e1, \u017ee neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 jasn\u00e9 alternativy. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, \u017ee st\u00e1t \u0159e\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zku chemick\u00e9ho slo\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Syst\u00e9my ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed pneumatik, jako jsou ty, kter\u00e9 jsou zavedeny v Evrop\u011b, Ji\u017en\u00ed Koreji, Japonsku a dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00edch, jsou rovn\u011b\u017e krokem spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm sm\u011brem. V USA syst\u00e9m ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed pneumatik neexistuje, ale Kalifornie si op\u011bt vynucuje vlastn\u00ed cestu. St\u00e1t navrhuje p\u0159evz\u00edt evropsk\u00fd syst\u00e9m ozna\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed pneumatik a n\u00e1sledn\u011b na n\u011bj nav\u00e1zat dal\u0161\u00edm z\u00e1kazem prodeje pneumatik s ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed do roku 2026. Podle tohoto n\u00e1vrhu by p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 56 % pneumatik, kter\u00e9 se v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b v Kalifornii prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed, ji\u017e nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 prod\u00e1vat.<\/p>\n

„Kalifornie je p\u00e1tou nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ekonomikou na sv\u011bt\u011b a nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 tov\u00e1rny na v\u00fdrobu pneumatik. Tak\u017ee to, jak diktuje v\u00fdrobky, m\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vliv na to, jak mus\u00ed pr\u016fmysl reagovat na tato t\u00e9mata v celosv\u011btov\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Erlendsson. „Pokud Kalifornie za\u010dne na\u0159izovat mnohem p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pravidla ne\u017e Evropa, ur\u010dit\u011b to trh posune.“<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroj: automotiveworld.com<\/p>\n

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Automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl pneumatik se vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 na cestu nov\u00e9 inovace, proto\u017ee se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 st\u00e1le nal\u00e9hav\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi probl\u00e9my udr\u017eitelnosti. Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok se p\u0159i opot\u0159eben\u00ed uvoln\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 6,1 milionu tun prachu z pneumatik. Tento prach obsahuje toxick\u00e9 chemik\u00e1lie a zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uje ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, vodu a p\u016fdu. Elektromobily (EV) sice nab\u00edzej\u00ed nulov\u00e9 emise ve v\u00fdfukov\u00fdch plynech, ale jsou podstatn\u011b t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e jejich […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":81,"featured_media":23230,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"kategorie_prispevku":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nUdr\u017eitelnost pneumatik vy\u017eaduje nov\u00fd obchodn\u00ed model | Autoklastr<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/udrzitelnost-pneumatik-vyzaduje-novy-obchodni-model\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale:alternate\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Udr\u017eitelnost pneumatik vy\u017eaduje nov\u00fd obchodn\u00ed model\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl pneumatik se vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 na cestu nov\u00e9 inovace, proto\u017ee se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 st\u00e1le nal\u00e9hav\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi probl\u00e9my udr\u017eitelnosti. 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