{"id":23166,"date":"2023-09-11T08:02:49","date_gmt":"2023-09-11T06:02:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/?p=23166"},"modified":"2023-09-13T08:35:24","modified_gmt":"2023-09-13T06:35:24","slug":"levne-nabijeni-elektromobilu-nemusi-odstranit-vysokou-barieru-vstupnich-nakladu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/levne-nabijeni-elektromobilu-nemusi-odstranit-vysokou-barieru-vstupnich-nakladu\/","title":{"rendered":"Levn\u00e9 nab\u00edjen\u00ed elektromobil\u016f nemus\u00ed odstranit vysokou bari\u00e9ru vstupn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jedn\u00edm z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch argument\u016f pro koupi elektromobilu je, \u017ee jeho provoz je levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e provoz obdobn\u00e9ho vozidla se spalovac\u00edm motorem. Studie neziskov\u00e9 organizace Consumer Reports, kter\u00e1 se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 ochranou spot\u0159ebitel\u016f, z roku 2020 zjistila, \u017ee \u0159idi\u010di elektromobil\u016f v USA obvykle utrat\u00ed za dob\u00edjen\u00ed\/\u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed paliva p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o 60 % m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e jejich prot\u011bj\u0161ky jezd\u00edc\u00ed na spalovac\u00ed motor. To pom\u00e1h\u00e1 kompenzovat vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1klady – podle poskytovatele automobilov\u00fdch slu\u017eeb Cox Automotive je pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 RRP elektromobilu o 10 000 USD vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u vozidla s ICE.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pro \u0159idi\u010de v EU se v\u0161ak cenov\u00e1 dostupnost elektromobil\u016f v jednotliv\u00fdch zem\u00edch zna\u010dn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed. Studie, kterou v srpnu 2023 provedl web pro srovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed cen Switcher.ie, zjistila, \u017ee v roce 2022 byly zem\u011b EU s nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edm roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00edm elektromobil\u016f \u010dasto t\u011bmi, pro kter\u00e9 je dom\u00e1c\u00ed nab\u00edjen\u00ed nejdra\u017e\u0161\u00ed. Naopak nejlevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed byly sp\u00ed\u0161e ty s nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edm p\u0159ijet\u00edm, co\u017e nazna\u010duje, \u017ee \u0161irok\u00e9mu p\u0159ijet\u00ed br\u00e1n\u00ed jin\u00e9 faktory.<\/p>\n

Rozd\u00edly v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Evrop\u011b<\/h4>\n

Nejdra\u017e\u0161\u00ed zem\u00ed, kde se od druh\u00e9 poloviny roku 2022 nab\u00edjelo, bylo D\u00e1nsko, kde jedna kWh st\u00e1la 0,58 eura (0,62 USD). To je v\u00fdrazn\u011b v\u00edce ne\u017e v druh\u00e9 nejdra\u017e\u0161\u00ed zemi, Belgii, kter\u00e1 p\u0159i\u0161la na 0,45 \u20ac\/kWh. Eoin Clarke, \u0159editel spole\u010dnosti Switcher.ie, pro Automotive World vysv\u011btluje, \u017ee n\u00e1klady „z\u00e1vis\u00ed na takov\u00fdch v\u011bcech, jako je cena elekt\u0159iny v dan\u00e9 zemi, sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e1 s vl\u00e1dn\u00edmi dan\u011bmi a odvody“. Dod\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee bohat\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b maj\u00ed tendenci platit za energii v\u00edce a byly tak\u00e9 nejv\u00edce zasa\u017eeny energetickou kriz\u00ed v roce 2022.<\/p>\n

Podle \u00fadaj\u016f Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho m\u011bnov\u00e9ho fondu je D\u00e1nsko \u0161estou nejbohat\u0161\u00ed zem\u00ed v Evrop\u011b a jeho HDP na obyvatele v roce 2023 \u010din\u00ed 66 390 USD. M\u00e1 tak\u00e9 jeden z nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pod\u00edl\u016f na trhu s elektrick\u00fdmi vozidly – v lednu 2023 zde bylo zaregistrov\u00e1no 2 202 nov\u00fdch elektrick\u00fdch vozidel – 21 % v\u0161ech vozidel v tomto obdob\u00ed. Clarke poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee v bohat\u0161\u00edch zem\u00edch se motorist\u016fm s elektrick\u00fdmi vozidly \u010dasto dost\u00e1v\u00e1 men\u0161\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed podpory, co\u017e v\u0161ak nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad D\u00e1nska. Vl\u00e1da nab\u00edz\u00ed propl\u00e1cen\u00ed 1DKK\/kWh (0,14 USD) za dom\u00e1c\u00ed nab\u00edjen\u00ed, tak\u017ee nab\u00edjen\u00ed je tam celkov\u011b levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v Belgii, kter\u00e1 ekvivalentn\u00ed slevu nenab\u00edz\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\"Shell<\/p>\n

Pr\u016fzkum AA mezi britsk\u00fdmi \u0159idi\u010di uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee 54 % z nich pova\u017euje n\u00e1klady na dom\u00e1c\u00ed nab\u00edjen\u00ed za hlavn\u00ed v\u00fdhodu elektromobil\u016f.<\/em><\/p>\n

Navzdory energetick\u00e9 krizi jsou vl\u00e1dy schopny v\u00fdznamn\u011b ovliv\u0148ovat n\u00e1klady na dom\u00e1c\u00ed nab\u00edjen\u00ed. Nizozemsko je nejlevn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm m\u00edstem v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Evrop\u011b pro dom\u00e1c\u00ed nab\u00edjen\u00ed elektromobil\u016f, a to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm d\u00edky rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdm dotac\u00edm. Cena je o 0,135 eur\/kWh – o 77 % ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v D\u00e1nsku.<\/p>\n

Zem\u011b s n\u00edzk\u00fdm po\u010dtem osvojen\u00ed<\/h4>\n

Deset nejlevn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zem\u00ed pro nab\u00edjen\u00ed dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed se nach\u00e1z\u00ed ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evrop\u011b, zejm\u00e9na na jihov\u00fdchod\u011b. Kosovo je celkov\u011b nejlevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed: 0,064 \u20ac\/kWh. Zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed elektromobil\u016f je v Kosovu tak\u00e9 n\u00edzk\u00e9 – i p\u0159es da\u0148ov\u00e9 pob\u00eddky tamn\u00ed vl\u00e1da p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee do roku 2030 bude tento segment tvo\u0159it pouze 5 % trhu. Podobn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e9 jsou ceny za nab\u00edjen\u00ed v Srbsku: 0,087 \u20ac\/kWh. Z celkov\u00e9ho po\u010dtu 28 845 prodan\u00fdch nov\u00fdch vozidel v Srbsku v roce 2022 bylo pouze 287 (1 %) elektromobil\u016f.<\/p>\n

Vstupn\u00ed ceny elektromobil\u016f v Srbsku a Kosovu jsou stejn\u00e9 jako v b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch zem\u00edch z\u00e1padn\u00ed Evropy, a to i p\u0159es relativn\u011b n\u00edzkou \u00farove\u0148 bohatstv\u00ed. Podle \u00fadaj\u016f Sv\u011btov\u00e9 banky \u010dinil v roce 2022 HDP na obyvatele v Srbsku 9 393 USD a v Kosovu 5 391 USD. P\u0159esto\u017ee srbsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da podnik\u00e1 kroky na podporu roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed elektromobil\u016f a dotuje prodej nov\u00fdch elektromobil\u016f \u010d\u00e1stkou 5 000 EUR, nemus\u00ed to sta\u010dit k p\u0159ekon\u00e1n\u00ed vysok\u00fdch vstupn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f. Ani v jedn\u00e9 ze zem\u00ed neexistuje snaha dotovat n\u00e1klady na dom\u00e1c\u00ed nab\u00edjen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

„Tyto zem\u011b jsou obecn\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b bohat\u00e9 a elektromobily jsou st\u00e1le p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 drah\u00e9,“ uv\u00e1d\u00ed Clarke. „Lid\u00e9 prost\u011b pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed v\u00edce pen\u011bz, aby si je mohli dovolit.“ Z unikl\u00e9ho memoranda EU z roku 2022, kter\u00e9 vid\u011bla agentura Reuters, vyplynulo, \u017ee n\u011bkolik \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f EU le\u017e\u00edc\u00edch na v\u00fdchod\u011b po\u017eaduje p\u011btilet\u00fd odklad term\u00ednu z\u00e1kazu prodeje nov\u00fdch vozidel s vnit\u0159n\u00edm pohonem do roku 2035. Jako d\u016fvod jsou uv\u00e1d\u011bny „zna\u010dn\u00e9 rozd\u00edly v kupn\u00ed s\u00edle“ mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi \u010dlensk\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty. Zd\u00e1 se toti\u017e, \u017ee n\u00edzk\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na dom\u00e1c\u00ed nab\u00edjen\u00ed jsou pob\u00eddkou pouze pro jednotlivce s dostate\u010dnou likviditou, aby mohli prov\u00e9st po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed investici.<\/p>\n

Mand\u00e1ty pro nulov\u00e9 emise<\/h4>\n

Pokud m\u00e1 b\u00fdt dodr\u017een term\u00edn EU do roku 2035, je t\u0159eba ud\u011blat v\u00edce. Samotn\u00e9 n\u00edzk\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na dom\u00e1c\u00ed nab\u00edjen\u00ed nemohou p\u0159ekonat vysok\u00e9 vstupn\u00ed n\u00e1klady na elektromobily z\u00e1padn\u00ed v\u00fdroby v zem\u00edch jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evropy. Vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 elektromobily by v\u0161ak mohly b\u00fdt cenov\u011b dostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Model Seagull od spole\u010dnosti BYD, kter\u00fd byl p\u0159edstaven v \u010dervnu 2023, se m\u00e1 prod\u00e1vat za 10 350 EUR – pro srovn\u00e1n\u00ed, Fiat 500 Electric m\u016f\u017ee na n\u011bkter\u00fdch evropsk\u00fdch trz\u00edch st\u00e1t a\u017e 30 000 EUR.<\/p>\n

Pro zem\u011b s vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm HDP na obyvatele je levn\u00e9 tankov\u00e1n\u00ed i nad\u00e1le z\u00e1kladem v\u00fdhodnosti elektromobil\u016f. Pr\u016fzkum poji\u0161\u0165ovny AA z roku 2022 uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee 54 % britsk\u00fdch \u0159idi\u010d\u016f elektromobil\u016f pova\u017euje n\u00e1klady na dom\u00e1c\u00ed dob\u00edjen\u00ed za hlavn\u00ed prodejn\u00ed argument. Karl Brauer, v\u00fdkonn\u00fd analytik spole\u010dnosti CarExpert.com, pro Automotive World uvedl, \u017ee v ka\u017ed\u00e9 zemi mus\u00ed b\u00fdt nab\u00edjen\u00ed i nad\u00e1le v\u00fdrazn\u011b levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e tankov\u00e1n\u00ed vozidel s vnit\u0159n\u00edm pohonem. „Po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b jsme sv\u011bdky r\u016fstu n\u00e1klad\u016f na energii, a pokud bude pokra\u010dovat, rovnice hodnoty pro elektromobily oslab\u00ed, stejn\u011b jako regula\u010dn\u00ed org\u00e1ny vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed prodeje.“<\/p>\n

Je sice pravda, \u017ee v\u00e1lka na Ukrajin\u011b vedla ke spir\u00e1lovit\u00e9mu n\u00e1r\u016fstu n\u00e1klad\u016f na energie ve velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti Evropy, ale opat\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159ijat\u00e1 v Nizozemsku ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f na poplatky ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee vl\u00e1dy mohou pro zvl\u00e1dnut\u00ed situace st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b mnoho ud\u011blat.\u202fClarke navrhuje, aby vl\u00e1dy na\u0159\u00eddily energetick\u00fdm spole\u010dnostem poskytovat pl\u00e1ny dod\u00e1vek elekt\u0159iny, kter\u00e9 by vyhovovaly specifick\u00fdm pot\u0159eb\u00e1m \u0159idi\u010d\u016f elektromobil\u016f. „Mohlo by doj\u00edt ke sp\u011bchu p\u0159i dod\u00e1vk\u00e1ch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro dom\u00e1c\u00ed nab\u00edjen\u00ed s levn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi tarify pro nab\u00edjen\u00ed EV a „chyt\u0159ej\u0161\u00edmi“ mo\u017enostmi, jako je technologie V2G (vehicle-to-grid).“ Technologie V2G umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159i nab\u00edjen\u00ed elektromobilu obousm\u011brnou distribuci elekt\u0159iny do s\u00edt\u011b a z n\u00ed, co\u017e d\u00e1v\u00e1 majiteli mo\u017enost prod\u00e1vat elekt\u0159inu ulo\u017eenou v baterii zp\u011bt sv\u00e9mu dodavateli.<\/p>\n

Brauer zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee je t\u0159eba ud\u011blat v\u00edce pro sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed cen, pokud jde o n\u00e1klady na vozidla a energii. Oboj\u00ed podle n\u011bj p\u0159edstavuje v\u00e1\u017enou v\u00fdzvu jak pro v\u00fdrobce automobil\u016f, tak pro spot\u0159ebitele a potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed existen\u010dn\u00ed hrozbu pro mand\u00e1t EU k nulov\u00fdm emis\u00edm.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroj: automotiveworld.com<\/p>\n

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Jedn\u00edm z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch argument\u016f pro koupi elektromobilu je, \u017ee jeho provoz je levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e provoz obdobn\u00e9ho vozidla se spalovac\u00edm motorem. Studie neziskov\u00e9 organizace Consumer Reports, kter\u00e1 se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 ochranou spot\u0159ebitel\u016f, z roku 2020 zjistila, \u017ee \u0159idi\u010di elektromobil\u016f v USA obvykle utrat\u00ed za dob\u00edjen\u00ed\/\u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed paliva p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b o 60 % m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e jejich prot\u011bj\u0161ky jezd\u00edc\u00ed na spalovac\u00ed […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":81,"featured_media":23167,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"kategorie_prispevku":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLevn\u00e9 nab\u00edjen\u00ed elektromobil\u016f nemus\u00ed odstranit vysokou bari\u00e9ru vstupn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f | Autoklastr<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/autoklastr.cz\/cs\/levne-nabijeni-elektromobilu-nemusi-odstranit-vysokou-barieru-vstupnich-nakladu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale:alternate\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Levn\u00e9 nab\u00edjen\u00ed elektromobil\u016f nemus\u00ed odstranit vysokou bari\u00e9ru vstupn\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Jedn\u00edm z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch argument\u016f pro koupi elektromobilu je, \u017ee jeho provoz je levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e provoz obdobn\u00e9ho vozidla se spalovac\u00edm motorem. 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